CHAPTER 1

Question 1

Branch of psychology that applies the principles of psychology to the workplace (Aamodt, 2013)

to enhance the dignity and performance of human beings and the organizations they work in by advancing the science and knowledge of human behavior

Answer 1

INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY

Question 2

are able to apply psychological theories to explain and enhance the effectiveness of human behavior in the workplace

Answer 2

INDUSTRIAL-ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGIST

Question 3

study and practice in such areas as analyzing jobs, recruiting applicants, selecting employees, determining salary levels, training employees and evaluating employee performance

Answer 3

PERSONNEL PSYCHOLOGY

Question 4

concerned with the issues of leadership, job satisfaction, employee motivation, organizational communication, conflict management, organizational change and group processes within an organization

Answer 4

ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY

Question 5

concentrate on workplace design , humanmachine interaction , ergonomics and physical fatigue and stress

Answer 5

HUMAN FACTORS/ERGONOMICS

Question 6

Recruitment Motivation
Selection Attitudes
Training Leadership
Performance Appraisal Teams
Promotion Stress
Transfer Job Design
Termination

Answer 6

INDUSTRIAL (THE HR SIDE)

Question 7

Motivation
Attitudes
Leadership
Teams
Stress
Job Design

Answer 7

ORGANIZATION

Question 8

† THE THEORY OF ADVERTISING : a book considered to be the first dealing with Psychology and aspect of work

† use psychological principles to produce more effective advertisements

Answer 8

PROFESSOR WALTER DILL SCOTT 1903

Question 9

Father of Industrial Psychology

† “THE PSYCHOLOGY OF INDUSTRIAL EFFICIENCY”

Answer 9

HUGO MUNSTERBERG 1910

Question 10

† created PSYCHOLOGICAL
CORPORATION to advance psychology and promote its usefulness to industry
† served as a place for companies to get reference check on prospective
psychologists

Answer 10

JAMES MCKEEN CATELL (1921)

Question 11

† started the DIVISION OF APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY FOR CARNEGIE
INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY the first academic program in Industrial
Psychology

Answer 11

WALTER BINGHAM

Question 12

† her theory was a forerunner of today’s teamwork concept and group cohesiveness
† her works focused on groups and advocated people-oriented organizations

Answer 12

MARY PARKER FOLLETT

Question 13

† the pioneers in applying scientific methods to the workplace were not psychologists but engineers
† they focused on scientific management; the managerial philosophy that emphasizes the worker as a well-oiled machine and the determination of the most efficient methods for performing any work related task

Answer 13

THE ADVENT OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT

Question 14

: a teaching model in which students are trained first to be scientists, and second, to be able to apply the science of their field to find solutions to real-world
problems

Answer 14

SCIENTIST-PRACTITIONER
MODEL

Question 15

: mastermind of the idea of scientific management

Answer 15

Frederick Winslow Taylor

Question 16

Led the first publication of an empirical study of the effects of leadership styles which initiated arguments for the use of participative management techniques

Answer 16

KURT ZADEK LEWIN (1939)

Question 17

study of why people buy things

Answer 17

Consumer Psychology

Question 18

refers to the list of respondents in a particular area who agree to respond to questionnaire regarding products, services, advertisements, or other promotional
efforts

Answer 18

CONSUMER PANEL

Question 19

market research is a qualitative research method whereby a selection of respondents will be asked to keep a record of their experiences or observations over a particular period of time

Answer 19

DIARY PANEL

Question 20

: invented psychological tests
-I/O psychology made its first big impact during WWI; screening and classifying millions of recruits
-number of Psychologists devised a general intelligence test so that persons with low intelligence could be identified and eliminated from the training

Answer 20

ROBERT MEARNS YERKES

Question 21

Two tests were developed during WWI

Answer 21

the ARMY ALPHA for the literates and the ARMY BETA for the non-literates

Question 22

: two other famous trailblazers in the scientific approach; a married couple best known for the TIME AND MOTION STUDIES they conducted in the early twentieth century (aim to reduce fatigue and improve productivity)

Answer 22

FRANK AND LILLIAN GILBRETH

Question 23

: founder of ford motor company; invented the assembly line, in which the workers stayed in one place and an individual laborer assembled one (and only one) part of a car as it moved along
on a mechanized conveyor belt

Answer 23

HENRY FORD

Question 24

the interaction of human beings with tools; understanding and enhancing the safety and efficiency of the human-machine interaction is the central focus of ergonomics,

Answer 24

ERGONOMICS

Question 25

also called HUMAN FACTORS, a field that combine engineering and psychology

Answer 25

ERGONOMICS

Question 26

origin of the term applied psychology, as those who conducted this work during the war were the first to apply the principles of psychological research to the workplace setting

Answer 26

FIELD OF ERGONOMICS

Question 27

: individuals who might have good ideas about the placement of buttons on a control panel or the preferred coloring of those buttons

Answer 27

 Cognition

Question 28

: individuals who might design training programs for the use of machines

Answer 28

 Learning

Question 29

individuals who might address issues such as living in a constrained environment like

Answer 29

Social and environmental psychologists

Question 30

, a PLANT OUTSIDE CHICAGO, conducted from 1927-1932 under the leadership of psychologist and sociologist

Answer 30

WESTERN ELECTRIC HAWTHORNE WORKS

Question 31

: initially interested in examining how various work conditions could influence productivity (ex., room lighting, humidity, breaks, work hours, and management style); workers were randomly assigned to one of two groups

Answer 31

Elton Mayo

Question 32

: workers' feelings affect their work behavior -a field experiment, demonstrated the value of research; worker perceptions of reality are more important than objective reality

Answer 32

The Hawthorne Studies

Question 33

: tendency of individuals to perform better simply because of being singled out and made to feel important

Answer 33

HAWTHORNE EFFECT

Question 34

 characterized by the passage of several major pieces of civil rights legislation; use of sensitivity training and T-GROUPS for managers

Answer 34

1960s

Question 35

: "BEYOND FREEDOM AND DIGNITY " resulted in the increase use of behavior modification techniques in organizations

Answer 35

 B.F. Skinner

Question 36

-increase use of fairly sophisticated statistical techniques and methods of analysis ; a new interest in the application of cognitive psychology to industry -increased interest in the effects of work on family life and leisure activities -renewed interest in developing methods to select employees

Answer 36

1980s - 2000s

Question 37

committee designated to ensure the ethical treatment of research subjects

Answer 37

Institutional Review Board

Question 38

: the extent to which the results of a study have actual impact on human behavior

Answer 38

Practical Significance

Question 39

† most powerful of all research methods; cause and effect relationship † random assignment of subjects

Answer 39

EXPERIMENTAL METHODS

Question 40

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE(s)

Answer 40

MANIPULATED

Question 41

DEPENDENT VARIABLE(s)

Answer 41

BEING MEASURED

Question 42

informing the subject in an experiment about the purpose of the study in which he or she was a participant and providing any other relevant information

Answer 42

DEBRIEFING

Question 43

† no manipulation of variables † measures naturally occurring association between two or more variables † cannot inform researchers about causeeffect relationship between variables

Answer 43

CORRELATIONAL METHODS

Question 44

† use when some aspects of experimentation are possible but not all (i.e., no random assignments) † more common in I/O psych than in many other areas of psychology

Answer 44

QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL METHODS

Question 45

† to ask people their opinion on some topic † conducted by personal interview, phone, fax, internet, mail

Answer 45

SURVEY & INTERVIEWS

Question 46

† using previously collected data of records to answer questions † not being obtrusive and not expensive † Ex. Personal files, company records

Answer 46

ARCHIVAL RESEARCH

Question 47

† conducted in natural setting as opposed to a laboratory

Answer 47

FIELD RESEARCH

Question 48

† conducted in a laboratory setting that can be controlled more easily than research conducted in a field setting

Answer 48

LABORATORY RESEARCH

Question 49

† a training technique in which employees, usually in a group, are presented with a real or hypothetical workplace problem and are asked to propose the best solution

Answer 49

CASE STUDIES

Question 50

: case study based on a real situation rather than a hypothetical one

Answer 50

LIVING CASE

Question 51

† a statistical method of reaching conclusions based on previous research

Answer 51

META-ANALYSIS

Question 52

: used in meta-analysis, a statistic that indicates the amount of change caused by an experimental manipulation

Answer 52

EFFECT SIZE

Question 53

: a meta-analysis statistic that is the average of the effects sizes for all studies included in the analysis

Answer 53

MEAN EFFECT SIZE

Question 54

: type of effect size used in meta-analysis that is signified by the letter d and indicates how many standard deviations separate the mean score for the experimental group from the control group

Answer 54

DIFFERENT SCORE

Question 55

: a correlation coefficient that has been corrected for predictor and criterion reliability and for range restriction

Answer 55

CORRECTED OR TRUE VALIDITY

Question 56

† a publication with the goal of bridging the gap between the research conducted by academics and the practical needs of practitioners

Answer 56

BRIDGE PUBLICATION

Question 57

† written collection of articles describing the methods and results of new research

Answer 57

JOURNAL

Question 58

† an unscientific collection of articles about a wide range of topics

Answer 58

MAGAZINE

Question 59

† collection of articles for those "in the biz," about related professional topics, seldom directly reporting the methods and results of new research

Answer 59

TRADE MAGAZINE