CHAPTER 1

Question 1

What two psychologists are credited as the founders of American Psychology? What led them to their interest in the field?

Answer 1

1. Hugo Münsterberg
2. Walter Dill Scott

Both were experimental psychologist and university professors who became interested in applying psychology to problems in organizations.

Question 2

Who were the first psychologist to perform IO work?

Answer 2

Experimental Psychologist

Question 3

What is most of the effort of I-O psychologists directed toward?

Answer 3

Enhancing the effectiveness and functioning of organizations.

Question 4

In what century was IO psychology introduced?

Answer 4

20th century with roots in the late 1800s and 1900s.

Question 5

What are IO psychologist concerned with in the workplace?

Answer 5

The development and application of scientific principles to the workplace.

Question 6

What is the basic philosophy of ethical codes for IO psychologists?

Answer 6

Psychologists should do their best to avoid harming other people through their professional work.

Question 7

What are the TWO most important aspects of IO Psychology?

Answer 7

1. It is involved with the scientific study of human behavior in organizations.
2. It is an evidence-based field based on scientific methods and principles.

Question 8

What is the earliest example of IO Psychology in America?

Answer 8

Robert Yerkes introduced psychological testing during WWI.

Question 9

What are the two major divisions of IO Psychology?

Answer 9

1. Industrial
2. Organizational

Question 10

What division of the two, is also referred to as “personnel ?”

Answer 10

Industrial

Question 11

What type of psychology provided the historical foundation of the IO field?

Answer 11

Experimental Psychology

Clinical Psychology

Question 12

What was the original name of the IO psychology field?

Answer 12

Industrial Psychology

Question 13

What is the industrial division of IO psychology involved with?

Answer 13

1. Job design
2. Employee recruitment
3. Employee selection
4. Employee training
5. Performance appraisal

Question 14

The organizational division was developed from what movement?

Answer 14

The human relations movement

Question 15

The industrial division of IO psychology takes a ______________________ perspective of organizational efficiency through ___________ and people.

Answer 15

1. Management Perspective
2. HR

Question 16

What is the organizational division concerned with?

Answer 16

Understanding behavior and enhancing the well-being of employees in the workplace.

Question 17

What is the organizational division of IO psychology involved with?

Answer 17

1. Employee attitudes
2. Employee behavior
3. Job stress
4. Leadership

Question 18

TRUE OR FALSE:

Topics of IO Psychology are unable to intersect therefore are characterized as either I or O.

Please explain your answer!

Answer 18

False.

Both the I and O work together as intersecting topics that could represent either one or the other.

Question 19

What engineer was a major influence on the IO field and studied employee productivity throughout his career?

Answer 19

Frederick Winslow Taylor

Question 20

Who developed Scientific Management as an approach to handling production workers in factories?

Answer 20

Frederick Winslow Taylor

Question 21

Who wrote the first American IO psychology book named Psychology and Industrial Efficiency (1913)?

Answer 21

Hugo Münsterberg

Question 22

Who was also a husband-and-wife team who influenced the IO field by studying efficient ways of performing tasks?

Answer 22

Frank and Lillian Gilbreth

Question 23

What fields did Frank and Lilian use to influence the IO field?

Answer 23

Engineering and Psychology.

Question 24

How did world war I make an impact on the IO psychology field?

Answer 24

Psychologist Robert Yerkes introduced psychological testing to test for mental ability and assign work-related tasks.

Question 25

What two acts/policies are historical examples of the type of work IO psychologists apply in the field?

Answer 25

1. The passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) in 1990 extended protection against discrimination to persons with disabilities.
2. The Civil Rights Act of 1964. This act set into motion forces that have had a tremendous impact on how organizations hire and treat employees, not only in the United States.

Question 26

What is the humanitarian work psychology movement?

Answer 26

An attempt to remedy workplace issues by mobilizing I-O psychologists to use their skills in efficiently running organizations to help reduce poverty and promote health and well-being in the workplace .