Chapter 1

Question 1

What is the role of an EP?

Answer 1

Help folks with chronic disease or conditions improve, maintain, or reduce declines in their health & fitness by applying interventions and developing strategies that target their health behaviors & Physical activity.

Question 2

Define Physical Activity and how energy expenditure is measured.

Answer 2

Any bodily MOV’T produced by skeletal muscles that RESULTS in ENERGY EXPENDITURE.
E. Expenditure is measured in kilocalories.

Question 3

What are the 4 domains/categories of PA?

Answer 3

Recreation (which includes exercises), (active) Transportation, Occupation, & Household

Question 4

Define Exercise.

Answer 4

A planned, structured, and repetitive behavior that is performed for the purpose of improving or maintaining physical fitness.
It is a specific SUBSET of PA.

Question 5

Define ischemia, why is ischemia bad, and name a medical example of an ischemic attack.

Answer 5

an inadequate or restricted blood (and therefore oxygen) supply to an organ or a part of the body, esp. the heart muscles.

Ex. Cardiac ischemia or an Ischemic Stroke/Transient Ischemic attack (TIA i.e. when the blood supply to the brain is interrupted briefly; a risk/sign for a more serious stroke)

Transient = lasting only for a short time.

Question 6

Compare & contrast health-related fitness to skill-related fitness.

Answer 6

Health-related fitness = Muscular endurance, CR endurance/capacity, muscular strength, flexibility, & body composition

Skill-related fitness = agility, power, balance, coordination, speed, and reaction time

Question 7

Name 2 landmark studies & 2 individuals that made significant contributions to the current body of knowledge re: PA/PF & associated health benefits.

Answer 7

Morris & Colleagues - Double-decker bus workers in London, England Study.
Physically active bus conductors suffered less coronary events than less active bus drivers.

Blair & Colleagues (who used the data from the Aerobic Ctr Longitudinal Study (ACLS) @ the Cooper Clinic in Dallas. Found higher levels of objectively measured physical fitness from the maximal treadmill test were associated w/ reduced risks of CVD mortality.

Question 8

What are the health BENEFITS associated with acute & chronic PA?

Answer 8

It can improve an individuals physical, metabolic, & mental health, and prevent further declines in their overall health/condition.

For those with hip or knee pain, short bouts of PA can decrease pain, improve function, and quality of life.

For those with cancer (or cancer risk), diabetes, CVD, hypertension, cognitive impairments, or at risk of falls, it can reduce, maintain, and/or prevent further declines in their overall health & condition.

Question 9

What are the health RISKS associated with acute & chronic PA?

Answer 9

-Injury,
-Overexercising,
-Inadequate rest days,
-Exercising at an inappropriate (fitness) level,
-Lack of medical screening and/or clearance for those who are at risk or need clearance, and
-A lack of awareness or Ignoring the early signs of potential injury.