Chapter 1 Flashcards
What is Biology?
The study of life.
Life is described in 7 characters. What are those characters?
1) Order
2) Ability to regulate themselves
3) Ability to grow and develop
4) Use Energy
5) Respond to the environment
6) Ability to reproduce
7) Ability to evolve
What are the 5 central themes of Biology?
1) Structure and Function of Cells
2) Interaction b/w organism’s
3) Homeostasis
4) Reproduction and Genetics
5) Evolution
Define the term- all cells are exposed by a membrane, use DNA as the recipe for the process of life, and come from pre-existing cell is known as:
Cell Theory
What contains most cells genetic material in the form of DNA?
Chromosomes
What are the units of inheritance that transmit information from parents to offspring called?
Genes
What are the 3 Domain Groups
Eukarya
Bacteria
Archae
What domain group does prokaryotes exist in?
Archae
What is taxonomy?
classifies the diversity of life
each category going up from species is more inclusive than the last
What is the classification system for the human species?
Domain- Eukarya Kingdom- Animalia Phylum- Chordata Class- Mammalia Order- Primates Family- Hominidae Genus- Homo Species- Homo sapiens
What classifies a eurkaryote?
Organisms with a true nucleus- animalia, plantae, and fungi
What language is the word science derived from and what does it translate to?
Lation and the verb means “to know”
What are the 2 main forms of science?
Discovery Science and Scientific Method
Define the term- this form of science describes natural structures and processes
Discovery Science
Define the term- this form of science is hypothesis based science
Scientific Method
What is the order in which a hypothesis should be produced?
1) Observe
2) Question
3) Hypothesize
4) Predict
5) Experiment
6) Analyze
T/F- Failure to falsify a hypothesis proves it
False
Define the term- a method of drawing conclusions by going from the specific to the general
Inductive Reasoning
Define the term- a logical process in which a conclusion is based on the concordance of multiple premises that are generally assumed to be true
Deductive Reasoning
What term is defined as a much broader scope of an idea supported by an accumulation of extensive and varied evidence from multiple hypotheses
Theory
Genetic information in DNA is encoded in sequences of how many molecular letters?
4- G, A, C, T
T/ F- Energy from the sun is used up by photosynthetic organisms
False
Define the term- information derived from personal experience or observation
Anecdotal Evidence
What occurs when the metabolism of living organisms is an interconnected network of chemical reactions?
Mutations
What is a property that is not present in parts but its present in the whole?
Emergent Properties
In nature, structure and function are relating so that what can happen?
Function gives insight into structure
A family tree showing evolutionary relationships among species is best viewed as what?
Hypothesis
Define the term- what is a collection of beliefs or practices mistakenly regarded as being based on scientific method
Pseudoscience
Which of these is not a feature of pseudoscience?
A) unrepeatable results
B) anecdotal evidence
C) debate over the significance or applicability of a conclusion
D) conclusions based on strong beliefs
C
Is a virus alive?
No. Although viruses exhibit many of the characteristics of life, they are not considered to be alive.
What are the smallest things that have characteristics of life?
Cells
How do mutations occur?
Randomly
What is an independent variable?
The variable that is being manipulated to get results in an experiment
