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CCNA > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a networking model?

A

a structure for networking protocols/standards

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2
Q

What is a protocol

A

Set of logical rules defining how network devices and software should work

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3
Q

Is the OSI model in use today and what does it stand for

A

No. but it’s impact is still felt today. Open systems interconnection.

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4
Q

Who created OSI

A

International Organization for Standardization. ISO.

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5
Q

How many network functions in OSI

A
  1. p, d, n, t, s, p, a
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6
Q

Application Layer.

A

Layer 7
Closest to the user.
Has protocols that interact with applications like web browser. HTTP HTTPS and SMTP
Data in this layer is in the application format.

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7
Q

List Layer 7 protocols

A

HTTP HTTPs SMTP

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8
Q

Functions of Layer 7

A

Identifying communication partners,
Synchronizing communication.
Allowed by Same Layer interaction.

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9
Q

Encapsulation

A

placement of data from a higher-layer protocol behind the header of the next lower layer protocol.

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10
Q

De-encapsilation

A

headers are removed as data is processed up the stack.

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11
Q

Same Layer interaction

A

Two devices set values in the header send header and encapsulated data then receiving device interpreting the header to decide what action to take.

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12
Q

Presentation Layer

A

Translate application layer to a different format to be sent over the network.

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13
Q

Presentation Layer

A

Translate application data to the appropriate format.

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14
Q

Function of layer 6

A

Encryption of data as it is sent, and decryption of data as it is received.

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15
Q

Session Layer

A

Control dialogues (sessions) between communicating hosts.

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16
Q

Function of layer 5

A

Establishes manages, and terminates connections between the local app, your browser, and a remote app, Youtube.

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17
Q

Frist three layers do what?

A

Send data to the bottom four, then bottom four do the work of sending data

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18
Q

Transport layer

A

Breaks large pieces of data into smaller segments, which can be more easily sent over the network and less likely to cause transmission problems if error occus.

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19
Q

Function of layer 4

A

Provides transparent transfer of data between hosts and is responsible for end to end recovery and flow control

Provide Flow Control.

20
Q

Segment

A

Layer 4 PDU with data from the application layers and a layer 4 header.

21
Q

Network layer

A

provides connectivity between end hosts on different networks.

22
Q

Function of layer 3

A

provides logical addressing (IP addresses)
Provides path selection between source and destination.

23
Q

what layer do routers operate

A

layer 3

24
Q

packet

A

Layer 3 PDU. adds a layer three layer to the segment. including source and destination IP address to the segment. Combination of layer 3 and 4 data is a packet.

25
Q

Data link

A

Provides node to node connectivity and data transfer.

26
Q

Function of layer 2

A

Defines how data is formatted for transmission over a physical medium(copper cables)
detects and possibly corrects physical layer errors. Use’s layer 2 addressing(mac address), separate from layer 3 addressing.

27
Q

what layer do switches operate?

A

layer 2. They look at layer 2 destination MAC address to know where to send the data.

28
Q

Layer 2 PDU

A

Frame. L2 Trailer/Data/L4 Header/ Layer 3 Header/ Layer 2 Header

29
Q

Encapsulation

A

Data prepared by application layer.
Layer 4 header is added to the data to make a segment.
Layer 3 header is added to the data to make a pakcet(IP addresses are included)
Layer 2 trailer and header is added to packet.

30
Q

Frame

A

Makes up all data, trailers and headers from the higher level protocols.
Data is not further encapsulated at layer 1.
Frame is then sent over the connection. Electrical signals over a wire or Wi-Fi signals.

31
Q

Layer 1 Physical Layer

A

Defines physical characteristics of the medium used to transfer data between devices.
Digail bits are converted to electrical or radio (wireless)

32
Q

what Physical Layer characteristics of the medium used to transfer data between devices.

A

Voltage levels, maximum transmission distances, physical connectors, cable specifications, etc

33
Q

PDUs

A

Segment, packet, frame, and Bit for physical.

34
Q

Who developed TCP/IP

A

DARPA

35
Q

What four layers make up the TCP/IP Suite

A

4, 3, 2, 1. Application, Transport, Internet and Link

36
Q

HTTP data is sent from a YouTube web server and displayed to web browser. Example of:

A

Same layer protocol. Because HTTP data from the server is a Application protocol and web browsers work operate on layer 7 using HTTP.

37
Q

HTTP data is encapsulated with three separate headers and one trailer. Name of PDU?

A

Frame

38
Q

What layers are most relevant to the role of network engineer?

A

1-4 on osi model

39
Q

What protocols are example of tcp/IP transport layer protocols?

A

TCP, UDP

40
Q

Examples of Application protocols

A

HTTP, HTTPS, SMTP

41
Q

Process of HTTP asking TCP to send some data and making sure it’s received is what?

A

Adjacent Layer protocol

42
Q

TCP on one computer making a TCP segment and the receiving computer acknowledging the receipt is an example of

A

same-layer

43
Q

What entity is created when encapsulated data is inside data-link header and trailer?

A

frame

44
Q

the link-layer of the TCP/IP model is equivalent to what layer, or layers, of the OSI model?

A

data link and physical in OSI

45
Q

what layer of the OSI provide host-to-host communication?

A

Transport.
This communication remains unchanged after encapsulation and de-encapsulation. Like two machines are talking to each other.

46
Q

Which two protocols are examples of TCP?IP transport layer?

A

TCP, UDP

CCNA (18 decks)

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