Chapter 1

Question 1

What is Skill acquisition?

Answer 1

Is the study in which an individual acquires or develops skills.

Question 2

The two types of Movement Precision:

Answer 2

Gross motor skills: Using large muscle groups in a coordinated performance.
Fine motor skills: small muscle groups utilising precision.

Question 3

The three types of fundamental motor skills and their definition:

Answer 3

Stability: Balance and control
Locomotor: Walking and running
Manipulative: Controlling an object

Question 4

Type of Movement:

Answer 4

Discrete skills – Clear beginning and end, these are things such as a cover drive
Serial skills – A sequence of discrete skills put together, for example, a gymnastics routine
Continuous skills – Have no defined beginning or end

Question 5

Type of environments:

Answer 5

Closed motor skills – Control over performance environment, self-paced
Open motor skills – No control over performance environment, conditions are constantly changing and the environment is less predictable

Question 6

Skill acquisition stages:

Answer 6

Cognitive – Ask lots of questions, attention will be on movement, lack of confidence, closed environment, blocked practice
Associative – The “Practice” stage, refining technique, consistent and make fewer errors
Autonomous – No longer concisely focusing on skill, detect own errors, random practice

Question 7

Distributed Practice:

Answer 7

. Shorter but more frequent training sessions
. More time allocated to rest
. Full time athletes use this 
. Creates better learning environment 
. Learners may also adopt this practice

Question 8

Massed Practice:

Answer 8

Involves less frequent training sessions that go for longer time periods
Non-professional teams use this

Question 9

Blocked Practice:

Answer 9

Involves practicing the same skill continuously without changing to a different task
Appropriate strategy for beginners as it allows them to memorise the skill

Question 10

Random Practice:

Answer 10

Varied sequencing of various motor skills in the same training session
Suitable for performers in the associative and autonomous stage as they already know all the skills but need to be able to change their skills in certain environments

Question 11

Intrinsic Feedback: (Internal)

Answer 11

Visual – See the skill
Auditory – Hear the sounds
Proprioception – Knowledge of body position
Touch – The feel of whatever you’re holding

Question 12

Augmented Feedback: (External)

Answer 12

Knowledge of results – Looking at your results. ( DEFINITE OUTCOME )
Knowledge of performance – Comes from a coach or facilitator, looking at the characteristics. Best for associative or autonomous ( ADVICE FROM COACH )