Chapter 1 Flashcards
1
Q
Cerebrum
A
- Thinking Center
- largest part of brain
- Location: top of brain
- Function: memory, thinking, personality, speech, problem solving &vision
- Divided into 2 hemispheres
2
Q
Cerebral Cortex
A
thin outer layer of cerebrum covers the hemispheres folding creates large surface area
3
Q
Corpus Collosum
A
Bundle of white matter that connects right and left hemispheres
4
Q
Thalamus
A
- Sensory Sorting relay center
- Location: Center of brain
- Function: Sorts and relays sensory information provides connections with other parts of brain
- knife stabbing skin vs weight of clothes
5
Q
Hypothalamus
A
- Homeostatic control center
- Location: lies beneath thalamus, W shape
- Function: maintains homeostasis of body’s internal environment
- major link between nervous system and endocrine system
- ex. balance of body temp
6
Q
Midbrain
A
- Sight and hearing
- Location: above pons
- Function: relays info between hindbrain and forebrain. Controls skeletal muscles
ex. eye movement & pupil dilation
7
Q
Cerebellum
A
- Motor movement center
- Location:base of brain
- Function: Unconscious coordination of muscles & balance, reflexes & body movements
- ex.tie shoes
8
Q
Medulla
A
- Autonomic Control Center
- Location: base of brain
- Function: controls autonomic involuntary activity
ex. heart rate, breathing - Damage to medulla is fatal
9
Q
Pons
A
- Autonomic & Relay control center
- Locaion: base of brain, large swelling
- Function: Relay center between cerebrum and cerebellum
- same autonomic functions as medulla and controls sleep and arousal
10
Q
Homeostasis
A
- The need to maintain a constant internal environment despite external change
- The systems of the human body work together to maintain this balance
11
Q
Negative feedback Loop
A
- Works to move body towards homeostasis
- associated with a healthy body
- steps are always opposite
12
Q
Central Nervous System CNS
A
- brain and spinal cord
- made of grey matter
- located in outerbrain areas
- H shaped inner cord of spinal cord
- also made of white matter
- loacted inner brain areas outer spinal cord
13
Q
Positive Feedback Loop
A
- works to move body away from homeostasis
- last step is same direction as first step
- Associated with diseased or changing body
- pregnancy contractions>contractions
14
Q
Spinal Cord
A
- delicate nerve cord
- protected by a hard casing called the vertabrae
- connects CNS to PNS
- reflex center
15
Q
Brain
A
-concentration of nerve cells (100 billion)
16
Q
Skull
A
- made of bone that protects the brain
- bony vertabrea protects spinal
17
Q
Meninges
A
- 3 layers of tough elastic tissues that enclose brain and spinal cord
- Blood brain barrier, blocks toxins and sources of infections
18
Q
Cerebrospinal Fluid
A
- fluid that takes up spaces in brain, spinal cord & meninges
- acts as a shock absorber & circulates hormones and nutrients across blood brain barrier
19
Q
Peripheral Nervous System PNS
A
- network of nerves that brings sensory info towards towards CNS and sends info from CNS to muscles and glands
- consists of all nerves other than brain and spinal cord
- towards edges
20
Q
Autonomic Nervous System
A
- controls internal glands and organs in the periphery
- smooth and cardiac muscles
- control is autonomic
21
Q
Sympathetic Nervous System
A
- speeds many things up
- moves body away from home stasis
- prepares body to deal with stress fight or flight
- increase heart rate, lung dilation
- decrease digestion and production of saliva
22
Q
Parasympathetic Nervous System
A
- slows thing down moves body towards homeostasis
- threat is no longer present rest and digest
- increase digestion
- decrease heart rate
23
Q
Somatic Nervous System
A
- controls skeletal muscles in the periphery
- control is conscious
- control is voluntary
