Chapter 1 Flashcards
ambulat
(v) he/she walks
intrat
(v) he/she enters
iuuat
(v) he/she helps
labōrat
(v) he/she works
laudat
(v) he/she praises
parat
(v) he/she prepares
portat
(v) he/she carries
salūtat
(v) he/she greets
spectat
(v) he/she looks at
uocat
(v) he/she calls
est
(v) he/she is
īrāta
(adj) angry
laeta
(adj) happy
parāta
(adj) ready
in
(prep) in, into
aqua
(n) water
casa
(n) house
cēna
(n) meal, dinner
fīlia
(n) daughter
puella
(n) girl
nōn
(adv) not
mox
(adv) soon
et
(conj) and
sed
(conj) but
ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī, ambulātum
walk
intrō, intrāre, intrāvī, intrātus-a-um
enter
iuvō, iuvāre, iūvī, iūtus-a-um
aid, help
labōrō, labōrāre, labōrāvī, labōrātus-a-um
work
laudō, laudāre, laudāvī, laudātus-a-um
praise
parō, parāre, parāvī, parātus-a-um
prepare
portō, portāre, portāvī, portātus-a-um
carry
salutō, salutāre, salutāvī, salutātus-a-um
greet
spectō, spectāre, spectāvī, spectātus-a-um
look at
vocō, vocāre, vocāvī, vocātus-a-um
call
sum, esse, fuī, futūrus-a-um
to be
aqua -ae f.
water
casa -ae f.
house
cena -ae f.
dinner
femina -ae f.
woman
filia -ae f.
daughter
puella -ae f.
girl
iratus-a-um
angry
laetus-a-um
happy
paratus-a-um
ready
casa (‘house’)
1st Declension Nominative Singular
casae (‘houses’)
1st Declension Nominative Plural
casae (‘of the house’)
1st Declension Genitive Singular
casarum (‘of the houses’)
1st Declension Genitive Plural
casae (‘to’/’for the house’)
1st Declension Dative Singular
casis (‘to’/’for the houses’)
1st Declension Dative Plural
casam (‘house’ direct object of a verb)
1st Declension Accusative Singular
casas (‘houses’ direct object of a verb)
1st Declension Accusative Plural
casā (‘by’/’with’/’from the house’)
1st Declension Ablative Singular
casis (‘by’/’with’/’from the houses’)
1st Declension Ablative Plural
casa (‘house’ direct address)
1st Declension Vocative Singular
casae (‘houses’ direct address)
1st Declension Vocative Plural
ambulo (‘I walk’)
First Person Singular Conjugation of ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī, ambulātum
ambulamus (‘we walk’)
First Person Plural Conjugation of ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī, ambulātum
ambulas (‘you [sg.] walk’)
Second Person Singular Conjugation of ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī, ambulātum
ambulatis (‘you [pl.] walk’)
Second Person Plural Conjugation of ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī, ambulātum
ambulat (‘he’/’she’/’it walks’)
Third Person Singular Conjugation of ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī, ambulātum
ambulant (‘they walk’)
Third Person Plural Conjugation of ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī, ambulātum
ambula! ([you (sg.)] ‘walk!’)
Imperative Singular Conjugation of ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī, ambulātum
ambulate! ([you (pl.)] ‘walk!)
Imperative Plural Conjugation of ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī, ambulātum
sum (‘I am’)
First Person Singular Conjugation of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus-a-um
sumus (‘we are’)
First Person Plural Conjugation of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus-a-um
es (‘you [sg.] are’)
Second Person Singular Conjugation of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus-a-um
estis (‘you [pl.] are’)
Second Person Plural Conjugation of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus-a-um
est (‘he’/’she’/’it is’)
Third Person Singular Conjugation of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus-a-um
sunt (‘they are’)
Third Person Plural Conjugation of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus-a-um
ambulo
First Person Singular Conjugation of ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī, ambulātum
ambulamus
First Person Plural Conjugation of ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī, ambulātum
ambulas
Second Person Singular Conjugation of ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī, ambulātum
ambulatis
Second Person Plural Conjugation of ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī, ambulātum
ambulat
Third Person Singular Conjugation of ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī, ambulātum
ambulant
Third Person Plural Conjugation of ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī, ambulātum
ambula!
Imperative Singular Conjugation of ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī, ambulātum
ambulate!
Imperative Plural Conjugation of ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī, ambulātum
sum
First Person Singular Conjugation of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus-a-um
sumus
First Person Plural Conjugation of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus-a-um
es
Second Person Singular Conjugation of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus-a-um
estis
Second Person Plural Conjugation of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus-a-um
est
Third Person Singular Conjugation of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus-a-um
sunt
Third Person Plural Conjugation of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus-a-um
walk
ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī, ambulātum
enter
intrō, intrāre, intrāvī, intrātus-a-um
aid, help
iuvō, iuvāre, iūvī, iūtus-a-um
work
labōrō, labōrāre, labōrāvī, labōrātus-a-um
praise
laudō, laudāre, laudāvī, laudātus-a-um
prepare
parō, parāre, parāvī, parātus-a-um
carry
portō, portāre, portāvī, portātus-a-um
greet
salutō, salutāre, salutāvī, salutātus-a-um
look at
spectō, spectāre, spectāvī, spectātus-a-um
call
vocō, vocāre, vocāvī, vocātus-a-um
to be
sum, esse, fuī, futūrus-a-um
water
aqua -ae f.
house
casa -ae f.
dinner
cena -ae f.
woman
femina -ae f.
daughter
filia -ae f.
girl
puella -ae f.
angry
iratus-a-um
happy
laetus-a-um
ready
paratus-a-um

ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī, ambulātum

intrō, intrāre, intrāvī, intrātus-a-um

iuvō, iuvāre, iūvī, iūtus-a-um

labōrō, labōrāre, labōrāvī, labōrātus-a-um

laudō, laudāre, laudāvī, laudātus-a-um

parō, parāre, parāvī, parātus-a-um

portō, portāre, portāvī, portātus-a-um

salutō, salutāre, salutāvī, salutātus-a-um

spectō, spectāre, spectāvī, spectātus-a-um

vocō, vocāre, vocāvī, vocātus-a-um

aqua -ae f.

casa -ae f.

cena -ae f.

femina -ae f.

filia -ae f.

puella -ae f.

iratus-a-um

laetus-a-um

paratus-a-um
1st Declension Nominative Singular
casa (‘house’)
1st Declension Nominative Plural
casae (‘houses’)
1st Declension Genitive Singular
casae (‘of the house’)
1st Declension Genitive Plural
casarum (‘of the houses’)
1st Declension Dative Singular
casae (‘to’/’for the house’)
1st Declension Dative Plural
casis (‘to’/’for the houses’)
1st Declension Accusative Singular
casam (‘house’ direct object of a verb)
1st Declension Accusative Plural
casas (‘houses’ direct object of a verb)
1st Declension Ablative Singular
casā (‘by’/’with’/’from the house’)
1st Declension Ablative Plural
casis (‘by’/’with’/’from the houses’)
1st Declension Vocative Singular
casa (‘house’ direct address)
1st Declension Vocative Plural
casae (‘houses’ direct address)
First Person Singular Conjugation of ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī, ambulātum
ambulo (‘I walk’)
First Person Plural Conjugation of ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī, ambulātum
ambulamus (‘we walk’)
Second Person Singular Conjugation of ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī, ambulātum
ambulas (‘you [sg.] walk’)
Second Person Plural Conjugation of ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī, ambulātum
ambulatis (‘you [pl.] walk’)
Third Person Singular Conjugation of ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī, ambulātum
ambulat (‘he’/’she’/’it walks’)
Third Person Plural Conjugation of ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī, ambulātum
ambulant (‘they walk’)
Imperative Singular Conjugation of ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī, ambulātum
ambula! ([you (sg.)] ‘walk!’)
Imperative Plural Conjugation of ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī, ambulātum
ambulate! ([you (pl.)] ‘walk!)
First Person Singular Conjugation of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus-a-um
sum (‘I am’)
First Person Plural Conjugation of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus-a-um
sumus (‘we are’)
Second Person Singular Conjugation of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus-a-um
es (‘you [sg.] are’)
Second Person Plural Conjugation of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus-a-um
estis (‘you [pl.] are’)
Third Person Singular Conjugation of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus-a-um
est (‘he’/’she’/’it is’)
Third Person Plural Conjugation of sum, esse, fuī, futūrus-a-um
sunt (‘they are’)
Nominative case
The nominative case marks the subject of a statement and denotes the person or object that performs the action of the verb in the sentence.
Accuastive case
The accusative case marks the direct object of a verb.
Genitive case
The genitive case expresses possession, measurement, or source. Many of its uses correspond in English to uses of the preposition “of”, and in some situations to the English “possessive” case.
Dative case
The dative case marks the recipient of an action, the indirect object of a verb. In English, the prepositions”to” and “for” frequently correspond to this case, though there are also many uses of these prepositions which do not correspond to the dative case.
Ablative case
The ablative case expresses separation, indirection, or the means by which an action is performed. In English, the prepositions by, with, from, in and on are most commonly used to indicate these meanings.
Vocative Case
The vocative case is used to address someone or something in direct speech. In English, this function is expressed by intonation or punctuation: “Mary, are you going to the store?” or “Mary!” (“Mary” is vocative).
First Declension Singlur endings:
Nominative
Genitive
Dative
Accusative
Ablative
Vocative
(nom) -a
(gen) -ae
(dat) -ae
(acc) -m
(abl) -ā
(voc) -a
First Declension Plural endings:
Nominative
Genitive
Dative
Accusative
Ablative
Vocative
(nom) -ae
(gen) -rum
(dat) -is
(acc) -as
(abl) -is
(voc) -ae
First Declension meaning:
Nominative
Genitive
Dative
Accusative
Ablative
Vocative
Subject of a verb ending in -a
of the …
to/for the …
direct object of a verb
by/with/from the …
direct address