Chapter 1

Question 1

Locke

Answer 1

people are born with natural rights, people are a blank slate. Social contact where government is given the task to create order and protect the rights of the people by the consent of the people to follow them, if they fail in this regard, then people should overthrow the government.

Question 2

American political culture

Answer 2

ideas of equality, liberty and rights that are widely shared in the US which represent the views that Americans hold regarding the relationship between government and people/between citizens: ideals of the Declaration of Independence

Question 3

sovereignty

Answer 3

right of a government to rule

Question 4

republicanism

Answer 4

power/legitimacy of government comes from the people

Question 5

participatory theory

Answer 5

the people and citizen involvement is the central power of our democracy

Question 6

pluralist theory

Answer 6

factions control America, where they magnify the wishes using their organization and combined resources to affect change

Question 7

elitist theory

Answer 7

the rich control America because they have the resources that common people and factions don’t have to reach even more exclusive and powerful spheres of power.

Question 8

constitutional republic

Answer 8

elects representatives to make decisions and policies in the nation. Constitution is the supreme law of the nation.

Question 9

legitimate authority

Answer 9

government has the right to rule, comes from the people in a republican government

Question 10

freedom vs order vs equality

Answer 10

total freedom means no order, total order means no freedom, can take away freedom of others because of freedom.

Question 11

enlightenment principles

Answer 11

democracy, natural rights, social contract, equality of men

Question 12

Hobbs

Answer 12

people are bad, need a strong authoritarian gov

Question 13

Rousseau

Answer 13

people are good, biggov corrupt people. Small limited government/commune/democracy

Question 14

Voltaire

Answer 14

supports religious freedom, individual rights and free speech, allow people to choose and overthrow bad government

Question 15

Declaration of Independence

Answer 15

British gov no longer legitimate, inalienable rights denied to citizens, life, liberty, pursuit of happiness, grievances against the king

Question 16

unitary structure

Answer 16

central government has the power: ex China, NK, provides efficiency and order but sacrifices freedom and central vision might be bad

Question 17

Confederal Structure

Answer 17

states are the dominant power over central government, ex: Articles of Confederation, offers freedom but government can’t be efficient in time of crisis.

Question 18

Federal Structure

Answer 18

Central and State governments share power: Federal gov in leading role but States have righst and play a vital role for the FEderal Government

Question 19

Delegated Power

Answer 19

powers assigned to the Federal Government, Article 1 lists the powers of Congress

Question 20

Concurrent Power

Answer 20

powers shared by state and federal government: taxes, setting minimum wage, justice system

Question 21

Reserved Power

Answer 21

powers that belong to state: estate tax, running elections

Question 22

Elastic clause

Answer 22

origin of much debate: gives federal government implied power to do any “neccessary and proper” to protect the rights of the citizens
expressed powers are those explicitly given to the Federal gov by Constitution

Question 23

Government power structure

Answer 23

Governments are decided by how much power the government has and how power is distributed. Totalitarian government, power rests solely in the people. In the US, government has checks and balances and is limited by the constitution. Power is in the hands of the people.

Question 24

Supremacy Clause

Answer 24

federal laws are made to be the “Supreme Law of the Land” and take precedent over any state laws.

Question 25

sovereignty

Answer 25

right of a government to rule