Chapter 1

Question 1

Describe the subjective/objective dichotomy

Answer 1

a philosophical view of the nature of reality, it posits the objective and subjective views are opposing each other

Question 2

What is Deviance?

Answer 2

a person, behaviour, or characteristic that is socially typed as deviant and subjected to measures of social control

Question 3

What are the 3 steps of social typing?

Answer 3

1. Description 2. Evaluation 3. Prescription

Question 4

Explain the description process

Answer 4

It’s a descriptor, it is how you label someone

Question 5

Explain the evaluation process

Answer 5

These are the adjectives, the position of the subject

Question 6

Explain the prescription process

Answer 6

This is how we respond to the subject. This is how people behave based on the description and evaluation.

Question 7

What are formal norms?

Answer 7

These are laws or regulations, they established institutionally

Question 8

What are the two informal norms?

Answer 8

Mores and Folkways

Question 9

What are mores based on?

Answer 9

morality Ex. Incest is wrong

Question 10

What are folkways based on?

Answer 10

politeness

Question 11

What is social change/ regulation?

Answer 11

attempts to regulate people’s thoughts/behaviour. Social control can either be retroactive or preventative.

Question 12

What is the objective definition of deviance?

Answer 12

behaviours or characteristics which have that trait

Question 13

What is the subjective definition of deviance?

Answer 13

behaviours that people in power say are in need of control

Question 14

What are the 4 qualities of deviance from an objectivist pov?

Answer 14

1. Statistical rarity
2. Harm
3. Normative violation
4. Negative social reaction

Question 15

Who do subjectivists believe create our moral codes?

Answer 15

People in power

Question 16

Who coined the term “moral entrepreneurs”?

Answer 16

Howard Becker

Question 17

Who are moral entrepreneurs?

Answer 17

those who devote themselves to protecting society from some perceived threat to its moral order. They are typically part of the upper class. They often have to rely on others to implement their agenda.

Question 18

Explain Bruce Yandle’s Bootleggers and Baptists

Answer 18

Baptists and Bootleggers both wanted to eradicated alcohol consumption/sales but politicians did not want to appear to be working in the bootleggers interests, but were happy to accept their “donations”. So they would show up to Sunday closings based on “moral grounds”.

Question 19

Who are moral entrepreneurs today?

Answer 19

People in power

Question 20

Explain the consensual view

Answer 20

The view that suggest that society’s laws emerge out of consensus.

Question 21

Explain the conflict view

Answer 21

The view that laws are created by powerful to serve their own interests

Question 22

Explain the interactionist view

Answer 22

suggests that society’s powerful define the law in response to interest groups that approach them to rectify a perceived social problem