Chapter 1

Question 1

study of the human body’s organ system

Answer 1

Systematic Anatomy

Question 2

study of the human body taken from the perspective of different body regions

Answer 2

Regional Anatomy

Question 3

study of surface markings of the body

Answer 3

Surface Anatomy

Question 4

structures inside of organs and organ systems that can be seen with the naked eyes

Answer 4

Gross Anatomy

Question 5

structures of the human body that requires a microscope for observation

Answer 5

Microscopic Anatomy

Question 6

studies the brain and nervous system

Answer 6

Neurophysiology

Question 7

study of heart and blood vessels

Answer 7

Cardiovascular Physiology

Question 8

decreases blood glucose

Answer 8

Insulin

Question 9

converts glycogen to glucose

Answer 9

glucagon

Question 10

produces estrogen and progesterone

Answer 10

ovary

Question 11

converts glucose to glycogen

Answer 11

insulin

Question 12

secretes sex hormone androgen and testosterone

Answer 12

testes

Question 13

releases endocrine gland also known the master gland

Answer 13

Pituitary gland

Question 14

secretes melatonin

Answer 14

pineal gland

Question 15

controls sleep and wake cycle

Answer 15

melatonin

Question 16

hormone producing organ below the neck that produces thyroxine and calcitonin

Answer 16

thyroid gland

Question 17

regulates growth and development

Answer 17

thyroxine

Question 18

releases calcium for the bones

Answer 18

calcitonin

Question 19

secretes parathormone

Answer 19

parathyroid glands

Question 20

regulates how the body uses calcium

Answer 20

parathormone

Question 21

fights infection for puberty referred to as humoral factors

Answer 21

thymus

Question 22

secretes adrenalin

Answer 22

adrenal gland

Question 23

emergency hormone

Answer 23

adrenalin

Question 24

provides protection, regulates temperature, prevents water loss, produce Vitamin D

Answer 24

Integumentary Gland

Question 25

the scientific discipline that investigates the structure of the body.

Answer 25

anatomy

Question 26

involves the use of x-ray, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and other technologies to create pictures of internal structures

Answer 26

anatomical imaging

Question 27

the scientific discipline that deals with the processes or functions of living things.

Answer 27

physiology

Question 28

subdivisions that emphasizes specific organizational levels

Answer 28

systematic physiology and cellular physiology

Question 29

STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF THE HUMAN BODY

Answer 29

1. chemical level 2. cell level 3. tissue level 4. organ level 5. organ system level 6. organismal level

Question 30

the level of organization that involves how atoms, such as hydrogen and carbon, interact and combine into molecules

Answer 30

chemical level

Question 31

basic structural and functional units or organisms, such as humans and animals

Answer 31

cell

Question 32

what are combine to form organelles that make up some cels

Answer 32

molecules

Question 33

molecule cells use for a source of energy

Answer 33

adenosine triphosphate or ATP

Question 34

little organs

Answer 34

organelles

Question 35

organization level that group of similar cells and the material sorrounding them

Answer 35

tissue level

Question 36

tissue that covers body surfaces, lines, hollow organs, cavities and forms glands

Answer 36

epithelial tissue

Question 37

tissue that connects, supports and protects body organs while distributing blood vessels to other tissues

Answer 37

connective tissue

Question 38

tissue that contracts to make body parts to move and generate

Answer 38

muscular tissue

Question 39

tissue that carries information from one part of the body to another through nerve impulses

Answer 39

nervous tissue

Question 40

FOUR BASIC TYPES OF TISSUE

Answer 40

1. epithelial tissue 2. connective tissue 3. muscular tissue 4. nervous tissue

Question 41

BASIC LIFE PROCESSES

Answer 41

1. metabolism 2. responsiveness 3. movement 4. growth 5. differentiation 6. reproduction

Question 42

the normal range the body tries to stay within

Answer 42

set point

Question 43

different tissues combined to form organs

Answer 43

organ level

Question 44

when organs group to form a system

Answer 44

organ system level

Question 45

any living thing considered as a whole, whether composed of one cell, such as bacterium, or of trillion cell

Answer 45

organism

Question 46

complex of organ systems that are mutually dependent upon one another

Answer 46

human organism

Question 47

ability to use energy to perform vital functions, such as growth movement and reproduction. eg. humans obtain energy from food

Answer 47

metabolism

Question 48

ability of an organism to sense changes in the environment and make adjustments that help maintain its life eg. if temperature increases in a hot environment, sweat glands produce sweat, which can lower body temperature down to normal level

Answer 48

responsiveness

Question 49

refers to the increase in the size of all or part of the organism

Answer 49

growth

Question 50

includes the changes an organism undergoes through time begins when the egg is fertilized by the sperm and ends in death

Answer 50

development

Question 51

change in cell structure and function from generalized to specialized

Answer 51

differentiation

Question 52

formation of new cells or new organism

Answer 52

reproduction

Question 53

existence and maintenance of a relatively constant environment within the body despite fluctuations in either the external or internal environment

Answer 53

homeostasis

Question 54

what do you call the process when our body sweat, shiver

Answer 54

homeostasis mechanism

Question 55

systems that provides protection

Answer 55

integumentary and skeletal system

Question 56

transports nutrients, waste products, gases and hormones throughout the body

Answer 56

cardiovascular system

Question 57

feedback which means "to decrease"

Answer 57

negative feedback

Question 58

when any deviation from the setpoint is made smaller or resisted; does not prevent variation but maintains variation within setpoint.

Answer 58

negative feedback

Question 59

monitors the value of a variable, such as body temperature, by detecting stimuli

Answer 59

receptor

Question 60

occur when the initial stimulus further stimulates the response

Answer 60

positive feedback

Question 61

compares the value of the variable against the set point

Answer 61

control center

Question 62

information about the value of the variable is sent here

Answer 62

control center

Question 63

produces a response that maintains homeostasis

Answer 63

effector