Chapter 07 Flashcards

1
Q

It means consisting of words

A

Verbal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Is a set of rules about the use of words in the creation of messages

A

Verbal code

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Verbal codes include both…

A

Oral spoken language
Non-oral written language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Essential ingredients of verbal codes

A

Symbols
Rule systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Essential ingredient of both verbal and nonverbal codes

A

Symbols

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Words, actions or objects that stand for or represent units of meaning

A

Symbols

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

5 rule systems that constitute verbal codes

A

Phonology
Morphology
Semantics
Syntatics
Pragmatics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The basic sound units of a language

A

Phonemes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Rules for combining phonemes

A

Phonology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Governs the composition and ordering of the symbols

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When you listen to someone who speaks a language other than your own, you will often hear ___ sounds

A

Strange

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Phonological rules of language tell speakers which:

A

Sounds to use
How to order them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

English depends on how many number pf phonemes

A

45

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

_____ of another language requires ___in reproducing its sounds accurately.

A

Mastery
Practice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

___ of 2nd language speakers can sometimes provoke ______ reactions in native speakers.

A

Accent
Negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Phonemes combine to form ___ which are the smallest units of meaning in a language

A

Morphemes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

45 english phonemes can be used to generate more than _____

A

50 million morphemes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

_____\ can have very unintended meanings

A

Pronunciation errors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Study of the meaning of words

A

Semantics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Most convenient and thorough source of information about the semantics of a language

A

Dictionary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

It is the study of the relationship between words and what they stand for or represent

A

Semantics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Communicating ________necessitates learning a new set of semantics rules

A

Interculturally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

When learning a 2nd language much time is devoted to learning the appropriate ____ bet the words and the specific objects, events or feelings that the language system assigns to them.

A

Associations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

______ visiting great britian will confront new meanings for words- for example boot refers to the storage place in a car

A

US AMERICAN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Public, objective, and legal meanings of a word

A

Denotative meaning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Meanings that are found in the dictionary or book

A

Denotative meanings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Personal, emotionally charged, private and specific to a particular person.

A

Connotative meanings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Relationship of words to one another,

A

Syntactics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

The effect of language on human perceptions and behaviors

A

Pragmatics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

A study that focuses on how language is actually used

A

Pragmatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

It considers how users of a particular language are able to understand the meanings of specific utterances in particular contexts

A

Pragmatics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

You understand how to participate in a conversation and you know how to sequence the sentences you speak as part of the conversation

A

Pragmatics

33
Q

Use of verbal signs in one language to understand the verbal signs of another language.

A

Translation

34
Q

Refers to the transfer of written verbal codes between languages

A

Translation

35
Q

Types of equivalence

A

Vocabulary
Idiomatic
Grammatical-syntactical
Conceptual
Experiential

36
Q

The goal of interpreting from one language to another is to represent the source language as closely as possible

A

Equivalence

37
Q

The interpreter seeks a word in a target language that has the same meaning in the source language

A

Vocabulary equivalence

38
Q

It is an expression that has a meaning contrary to the usual meaning of the words.

A

Idiom

39
Q

Some languages make grammatical distinctions that others do not, “tenses”

A

Grammatical-syntactical

40
Q

Refers to cultural patterns being part of a person’s definition of reality.

A

Conceptual equivalence

41
Q

To understand the effects of language on intercultural communication, questions such as the following must be explored:

A

Initial experiences, influence
Categories of language- grammar words usage

42
Q

In_____, _____ began to articulate an _____ asserting that language influenced or even determined the ways in which people thought.

A

1921
Edward Sapir
Alternative view of language

43
Q

English language refers to time as a ___ point that exist on a linear plane divided into past, present, and future

A

Specific

44
Q

Plays a powerful role in shaping how people think and experience the world

A

Language

45
Q

Sapir and whorf’s major contribution to the study of intercultural communication is that they called attention to the

A

Integrel rel among
Thought
Language
Culture

46
Q

A language with few terms to show status and respect tends to ____ those status distinctions in the minds of the language’s users

A

Minimize

47
Q

The very heart of a culture is its____ and that a culture dies if its____ dies

A

Language

48
Q

The extent to which a culture maintains a powerful sense of identification with a particular language

A

Perceived ethnolinguistic vitality

49
Q

Refers to the individuals subjective perception of the status, demographic characteristics and institutional support of the language community.

A

Perceived ethnolinguistic vitality

50
Q

Howard Giles has concluded that:

A

Few members of the culture…
Members of the culture lack strong political economic and social status
Institutional support is weak

51
Q

In interpersonal communication ____ is used to discern ingrp and outgroup members

A

Language

52
Q

In his communication accommodation theory, howard giles factors…

A

Knowledge of others comm patterns
Converge or diverge
Skills

53
Q

Version of a language with distinctive vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation that ate spoken by particular groups of people or within particular regions

A

Dialect

54
Q

Studies repeatedly find that accented speech and dialects provoke ______ reactions in listeners

A

Stereotyped

55
Q

Selection of the languages to be used in a particular intxn by indis who can speak multiple languages

A

Code switching

56
Q

The _____ of a language reflects what you need to know to cope with the envt and the patterns of your culture

A

Vocabulary

57
Q

Sapir-Whorf hypothesis suggests that the _____\ are accompanied by______

A

Linguistic differences
Perceptual differences

58
Q

Camel

A

Classical arabic

59
Q

Kamayura indians of brazil

A

Single word for rainbow spectrum blue and green

60
Q

A better explanation for linguistic differences is …

A

Complexity
Richness is language’s vocabulary

61
Q

___ of a language is related to the perceptions of its users .

A

Grammar

62
Q

_____ refer to time as

A

Hoping
Movement in the stream of life

63
Q

Spanish speaking cultures would be MORE LIKELY to value

A

Hierarchical social organization
Large power distance

64
Q

Reflect the relative social status between the addressee and addresser

A

Japanese
Chinese
Koreans

65
Q

There are specific words for all siblings

A

Hindi
Koreans

66
Q

The _____ of a language reflects what you need to know to cope with the envt and the patterns of your culture.

A

Vocabulary

67
Q

The____ and ___ of language gently nudge you to notice particular kinds of things in your world and to label them in particular ways.

A

Semantics and syntactics

68
Q

US americans speak ______ first languages other than _____

A

Many
English

69
Q

Canada has two official languages

A

French
English

70
Q

Belgium has 3 official languages

A

French
German
Flemish

71
Q

This theory explains why people in intercultural conversations may choose to converge or diverge their communication behaviors to that of others

A

Communication accommodation theory by howard giles

72
Q

Alternative versions of a language

A

Dialect
Accent
Argot
Jargon

73
Q

US American may regard someone speaking English with a British accent as more ____

A

Cultured or refined

74
Q

About ___ % of the African American community uses _____.

A

90%
Ebonics

75
Q

Ebonics reflects an intersection of

A

Western African languages and European anerican english

76
Q

Distinguishable marks of pronounciation

A

Accent

77
Q

Set of words or terms that are shared by those with a common profession or experience

A

Jargon

78
Q

Specialized language that is used by a large group within a culture to define the boundaries of their group from others who are in more powerful position in society

A

Argot