Chapitre 3 Flashcards

1
Q

molécule =

A

substance pure, 2+ atm, liaison chimique

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2
Q

PQ atm se forment en molécules

A

ressembler aux gax nobles, être stables

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3
Q

Comment un atm devient stable

A

En respectant règle de l’octet

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4
Q

Règle de l’octet=

A

Adopter config. gaz noble le plus proche

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5
Q

Interactions d’un atm stable=

A

peu d’interactions avec les atm de son milieu

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6
Q

Ion=

A

atm possédant une charge à cause d’un gain ou d’un perte d’é-

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7
Q

Comment change la nature d’un atm quand il devient un ion

A

Elle ne change pas

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8
Q

Cation

A

+

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9
Q

Anion

A

-

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10
Q

Tendances charges ioniques famille IVA

A

± 4 é-

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11
Q

Quelle famille n’a pas d’ions

A

les gaz nobles

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12
Q

Tendances ioniques M

A

perdre

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13
Q

H_3O^+

A

hydronium

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14
Q

Tendances ioniques NM

A

gagner

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15
Q

Hydronium

A

H_3O^+

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16
Q

NH_4^+

A

Ammonium

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17
Q

Ammonium

A

NH_4^+

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18
Q

OH^-

A

Hydroxyde

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19
Q

Hydroxyde

A

OH^-

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20
Q

NO_3^-

A

Nitrate

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21
Q

Nitrate

A

NO_3^-

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22
Q

NO_2^-

A

Nitrite

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23
Q

Nitrite

A

NO_2^-

24
Q

HCO_3^-

A

hydrogénocarbonate
(bicarbonate)

25
Q

Hydrogénocarbonate
(bicarbonate)

A

HCO_3^-

26
Q

PO_4^3-

A

Phosphate

27
Q

Phosphate

A

PO_4^3-

28
Q

SO_4^2-

A

Sulfate

29
Q

Sulfate

A

SO_4^2-

30
Q

SO_3^2-

A

Sulfite

31
Q

Sulfite

A

SO_3^2-

32
Q

CO_3^2-

A

Carbonate

33
Q

Carbonate

A

CO_3^2-

34
Q

CH_3COO^-

A

Acétate

35
Q

Acétate

A

CH_3COO^-

36
Q

CIO_3^-

A

Chlorate

37
Q

Chlorate

A

CIO_3^-

38
Q

CrO_4^2-

A

Chromate

39
Q

Chromate

A

CrO_4^2-

40
Q

Liasons ioniques (3)

A
  • transfert
  • M et NM
  • M vers NM
41
Q

Dans une liaison ionique, l’élément le + électroneg …

A

reçoit

42
Q

vrai ou faux
les molécules ont des liaisons ioniques

A

FAUX

43
Q

Liasons covalentes (4)

A
    • fort que ionique
  • partage
  • NM et NM
  • électroneg. semblables, mais le + électroneg est écrit à gauche
44
Q

Cov. simple

A

2 atm
1 liaison

45
Q

Cov. double et triple

A

2 atm
+ 1 liason

46
Q

Mass moléculaire =

A

Masse atomique de chaque atm de la molécule

47
Q

Les composés binaires sont en général…

A

ioniques

48
Q

Le 1e élément du nom d’un comp. binaire=

A
  • le + à gauche
  • le 2e type d’atome +ure
49
Q

4

A

tétra

50
Q

5

A

penta

51
Q

6

A

hexa

52
Q

7

A

hepta

53
Q

8

A

octa

54
Q

9

A

nona

55
Q

Carbone
Hydrogène
Azote
Oxygène
Soufre
Sélénium

A

Carbure
hydrure
nitrure
oxyde
sulfure
séléniure

56
Q

Composés ioniques = toujours binaire mais covalents

A

non