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Microbiologie > Chapitre 3 > Flashcards

Chapitre 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Sphères

A

coccus (cocci), coques

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2
Q

Bâtonnets

A

bacilles, cocobacilles

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3
Q

Bâtonnets incurvés

A

vibrions -> virgules ou spirales incomplètes

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4
Q

Spirales

A

spirilles (rigide), spirochètes (flexibles) -> rampent (se déplacent en changeant de forme)

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5
Q

Appendices

A

Prostèque/pédoncule

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6
Q

Taille des cellules bactériennes
Diamètre

A

0.5-1.5 μ

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7
Q

Taille des cellules bactériennes
Longueur

A

1-10μ

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8
Q

Bactéries sont
a) unicellulaires
b) pluricellulaires

A

a) unicellulaires

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9
Q

Nombre de cellules pour bacilles
Et nommer l’exception

A

1-2 cellules
Streptobacillus (longues chaines)

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10
Q

Associations cellulaires
Cocci

A

Nombreux types d’associations

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11
Q

Associations cellulaires
Grappe

A

Staphylococcus

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12
Q

Associations cellulaires
Chaines

A

Streptococcus

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13
Q

Associations cellulaires
Diplocoques

A

Neisseria

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14
Q

Associations cellulaires
Octades

A

Sarcina

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15
Q

Associations cellulaires
Tétrades

A

Haloquadratum

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16
Q

Associations cellulaires
Rosettes

A

Caulobacter

17
Q

Étapes coloration Gram

A

Violet de cristal
Iode/lugol (mordant)
Alcool/acétone (décolorant)
Safranine (contre-colorant)

18
Q

Couleur bactéries Gram + après coloration de Gram

A

Violet

19
Q

Couleur bactéries Gram - après coloration de Gram

A

Rouge

20
Q

Fonction de la rigidité de paroi cellulaire

A

Survie
Forme cellulaire

21
Q

En quoi la rigidité de paroi cellulaire aide à survie (pour Gram+ et Gram-)

A

Pression osmotique ext &laquo_space;int
Gr-: 2-3 atmosphères
Gr+: 10-15 atmosphères

22
Q

Exception: bactéries qui n’ont pas de paroi cellulaire

A

Mycoplasma (eubactéries)
Thermoplasma (archaebactérie)

23
Q

Composition paroi cellulaire

A
  • peptidoglycane (muréine) -> eubactéries
    = polysaccharide, copolymères -> N-acétylglucosamine, acide N-acétylmuramique, NAG-B1-4-NAM
    ET chaines entourent la cellule

Microbiologie (3 decks)

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