Chapitre 14 Flashcards

1
Q

D-Glucose: Fisher-Pyranose-Haworth?

A

Fisher Pyranose Haworth
CHO QUE equatorial Bas-Haut-Bas
H-C-OH
HO-C-H
H-C-OH
H-C-OH
CH2OH

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2
Q

Fisher Pyranose Haworth
CHO QUE equatorial Bas-Haut-Bas
H-C-OH
HO-C-H
H-C-OH
H-C-OH
CH2OH

A

D-Glucose

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3
Q

D-Mannose: Fisher-Pyranose-Hawort

A

CHO Pyranose Haworth
HO-C-H C2 Haut Haut-Haut-bas
HO-C-H
H-C-OH
H-C-OH
CH2OH

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4
Q

CHO Pyranose Haworth
HO-C-H C2 Haut Haut-Haut-bas
HO-C-H
H-C-OH
H-C-OH
CH2OH

A

D-Mannose

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5
Q

D-Galactose

A

CHO Pyranose Haworth
H-C-OH. C4 Haut Bas-Haut-Haut
HO-C-H
HO-C-H
H-C-OH
CH2OH

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6
Q

CHO Pyranose Haworth
H-C-OH. C4 Haut Bas-Haut-Haut
HO-C-H
HO-C-H
H-C-OH
CH2OH

A

D-Galactose

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7
Q

D-Fructose: Fisher-Pyranose-Furanose-Haworth

A

CHO. Pyranose Furanose
C=O / et non !!!!! Haut-Bas-CH2OH
HO-C-H C4 Bas
H-C-OH
H-C-O Haworth
CH2OH. Haut-Bas-Bas

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8
Q

CHO. Pyranose Furanose
C=O / et non !!!!! Haut-Bas-CH2OH
HO-C-H C4 Bas
H-C-OH
H-C-O Haworth
CH2OH. Haut-Bas-Bas

A

D-Fructose

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9
Q

Image Mirroir ?

A

Tout les C* sont inversés
Série D (droite) et série L (Gauche)

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10
Q

Mutorotation

A

C* anomère:
Alpha en bas (OH axiale)
Beta en Haut (OH équatorial) +++ stable

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11
Q

Aldose et Cétose?

A

Aldose: Aldéhyde
cétose: cétone

Préfixe: Aldo/Ceto
Suffixe: triose-tetrose-pentose-hexose-…

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12
Q

Ester par alcoolyse d’un anhydre acide

A

Pyranose
OH———-(CH3CO)2O——> add O-COCH3
Pyridine

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13
Q

Pyranose
OH———-(CH3CO)2O——> add O-COCH3
Pyridine

A

Ester par alcoolyse d’un anhydre d’acide

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14
Q

Ester Oxyde (Williamson)

A

Forme Pyranose
OH———— Ag2O ——O-CH3
CH3I

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15
Q

Forme Pyranose
OH———— Ag2O ——O-CH3
CH3I

A

Ester Oxyde (Williamson)

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16
Q

Réduction en alditols

A

H-C=O———— 1.NaBH4— CH2OH
| 2.H2O. |

Terminaison: ose—> itol

17
Q

H-C=O———— 1.NaBH4— CH2OH
| 2.H2O. |

Terminaison: ose—> itol

A

Réduction en alditols

18
Q

Oxydation en acide aldarique

A

H-C=O———- HNO3———COOH
Chauffage. COOH

Terminaison: ose —> arique

19
Q

H-C=O———- HNO3———COOH
Chauffage. COOH

A

Oxydation en acide aldarique

20
Q

Oxydation en acide aldonique

A

H-C-OH—- Ag+OH-/H3O+———>COOH
Ou Cu+OH-/H3O+
Ou Br2/ H2O

Réactif Tollens ou fehling
Terminaison: ose—> onique

21
Q

H-C-OH—- Ag+OH-/H3O+———>COOH
Ou Cu+OH-/H3O+
Ou Br2/ H2O

Réactif Tollens ou fehling
Terminaison: ose—> onique

A

Oxydation en acide aldonique

22
Q

Formation glycosides

A

(Alcool+acide). (Alpha/Beta )
Pyranose — CH3OH, HCl——> O-CH3

Terminaison: ose—> oside

Glycoside ne sont pa des réducteurs!!!!! pas de forme ouverte,
Pas de fonction aldéhyde libre

23
Q

Enzyme qui coupe les glycosides?

A

Glucosidase (Alpha ou bêta)

A-Glucose—A-glucosidase—> GLUCOSE

                                                       (Libre)

B-Glucose—B-glucosidase—>GLUCOSE

24
Q

Maltose-enzyme

A

(Glu-glu )Alpha-1,4

Maltase

25
Q

(Glu-glu )Alpha-1,4

Maltase

A

Maltose

26
Q

Cellobiose

A

(Glu-glu) Beta-1-4

Emulsine

27
Q

Saccharose

A

(Gal-fru) Alpha-beta (furanose 5c)

Sucrase

28
Q

Lactose

A

(Gal-fru) beta-1,4

Lactase

29
Q

Enzyme des dissacharides?

A

Maltase:Glu-Glu alpha-1,4 (Maltase)
Emulsine: glu-glu Beta-1,4 (Cellobiose)
Sucrase: Gal-Fru Alpha-beta (saccharose)
Lactase: gal-GLU: beta-1,4 (lactose)