Chaper4-Evolution

Question 1

Adaptation

Answer 1

Heritable characteristics that increases an organism’s ability to survive and reproduce in an environment

Question 2

Analogous Structures

Answer 2

Body parts that share a common function but not structure

Question 3

Artificial Selection

Answer 3

Selective breeding of plants and animals to promote the occurrence of desirable traits

Question 4

Co-evolution

Answer 4

Process by which two species evolve in response to changes in each other over time

Question 5

Common ancestors

Answer 5

An ancestral form or species from which multiple evolved

A group of organisms that share common ancestors

Question 6

Convergent Evolution

Answer 6

Process by which unrelated organisms independently evolve similarities when adapting to similar environments

Question 7

Darwin

Answer 7

Charles Robert Darwin was an English naturalist, geologist and biologist

Best known for contributions to the science of evolution

Question 8

Evolution

Answer 8

Change over time; the process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms

Question 9

Homologous Structures

Answer 9

Struck that are similar in different species of common ancestry

Question 10

Mutation

Answer 10

Change in the genetic material of a cell

Question 11

Natural Selection

Answer 11

Process by which organisms that are most suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully

Survival of the fittest

Question 12

Speciation

Answer 12

Formation of a new species

Question 13

Species

Answer 13

A group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring

Question 14

Variation

Answer 14

Evolution relies on genetic variation that is passed down from one generation to the next.

Favorable characteristics are “selected” for, survive and are passed on

Question 15

Vestigial Structures

Answer 15

Structure that is inherited from ancestors but has lost many of its original functions