Chaper 19 Photosynthesis

Question 1

Where does Photoynthesis happen?

Answer 1

In the chloroplast

Question 2

Choloroplast are smilar to what organelle?

Answer 2

Mitochondrion

Question 3

Overall the light reactions of photosynthesis are reminisnect of the ____ and the _____.

Answer 3

ETC and OP (Oxidative Phosphorylation)

Question 4

Light is absorbed by ____, including _________.

Answer 4

Chromophores including chlorophylls

Question 5

The ____ are found in protein complexes and called ______ ________ but in the larger complexes are called ________.

Answer 5

Chromophores are found in the protein compleexes called photoreaction centers, and in larger complex called Photosystems

Question 6

________ ________ excites electons which tumble down electon transport system reminisent of the ____, eventually makeing ________.

Answer 6

Absorbed light excites electrons which tumble down electron transport systems reminiscent of the ETC, eventually making NADPH.

Question 7

The ____ of photoynthesis also ________ and ATP is made by and ATP syntase.

Answer 7

The ETC of photosynthesis also pumps protons, and ATP is made by an ATP synthase.

Question 8

What is Cyclic phosphorylation?

Question 9

True or false
In Cyclic phosphorylation ATP is made along with NADPH?

Answer 9

False

In Cyclic phosphorylation only ATP is made, and no NADPH is made.

Question 10

The ________ are part of a even larger light harvesting complexes that use resononce engery transfer to more efficinetly harvest light energy.

Answer 10

The Photosystems are part of a even larger light harvesting complexes that use resononce engery transfer to more efficinetly harvest light energy.

Question 11

List the parts of a chloroplast and where things happen?

Answer 11

Stroma ( Dark reactons and where stugar is made)
Granum ( stacks of thylakoids)
Thylakoid space ( lumen)

Thylakoid membrane:
light harvesting proteins
Reactions centers
ETC
ATP syntanse

Light Reactions - ATP and NADPH are made

Question 12

Describe the function and locations of photosynthetic pigments in eukaryotes and prokaryotes -c

Answer 12

The functions and is to

Question 13

Compare and contrast cyclic and noncyclic photophosphorylation -c

Question 14

Compare and contrast ECT to Photosynthesis -compltete

Answer 14

Photosynthesis

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Question 15

Photosyntheis is ________ In reverse.

Answer 15

Respiration

Question 16

What do light reactions produce?

Answer 16

NADPH and ATP

Question 17

Dark Reactions are also known as the ________.

Answer 17

Calvin Cycle

Question 18

Dark reactions or the calvin Cycle use ____ and to ____ drive the reduction of _ and its into glucose.

Answer 18

Dark Reactions (Calvin Cycle): use NADPH and ATP to drive the reduction of **CO2 **and its conversion into glucose.

Question 19

Fill in the Blanks middle work on

Answer 19

Question 20

The chromophores are found in protein complexes called _____ _________ (simple photosynthetic bacteria)

Answer 20

The chromophores are found in protein complexes called photoreaction centers (simple photosynthetic bacteria)

Question 21

The chromophores are found in protein complexes called ____ for higher plants and cyanobacteria.

Answer 21

Photosystems

Question 22

How does photosynthesis work in bacteria?

Answer 22

Photosynthic Bacteria

Question 23

Explain the strategy that Higher plants use to include Cyanobacteria (blue-Green algae)?

Answer 23

They use PSII and PSI where they used light reactions and electron flow is both Cyclic and Noncyclic (Z scheme).

Question 24

Higher plants preform both? And what are they able to produce with the light reactions?

Answer 24

Non-cyclic and cyclic
They make ATP and NADPH

Question 25

Bacteria only preform ? And what are they able to produce with the light reactions?

Answer 25

Cyclic ATP only

Question 26

What does the passing of electrons do and power?

Question 27

What is a quinone and plasto-quinone?

Answer 27

Electron carriers and pumps protons and makes a proton motor force and powers ATPase. As ATP is made.

Question 28

What is the enzyme that is used to reduce NADP+ to NADPH?

Answer 28

NADP+ reductase

Question 29

In the Z-scheme what are the two products that are being made?

Answer 29

ATP and NADPH

Question 30

What are the steps in non-cyclic?

Answer 30

Photo induced charge separation at PSII as light comes in Electrons are promoted to a higher energy level and get passed down our bucket brigade and PUMPS protons to make a proton motor force. The proton motor force powers ATPase

Question 31

Where do the replensing electons come from and what photosystem does it happen at?

Answer 31

PSII and the oxygen evloving complex ( water splitting complex) where water is splitted.

Question 32

In Photosystem II what are the three functions

Answer 32

1. Splits water - ( oxygen evoling complex is found) 2. Photoinduced charge sepration (special pair of electrons) 3. Pumps Protons generates a proton gradient

Question 33

Where is PS II located?

Answer 33

Spands across the thylakoid membrane

Question 34

Electorn Flow throught Photosysem II Fill in the Blanks here What is (A)

Answer 34

(A) is the water splitiing molecule

Question 35

What are the (2) ways PS II generate a PH gradient?

Answer 35

1. Protons are pulled from the stroma 2. Protons are added in the lumen form splitting water

Question 36

________ bf links PSII to PSI and contrubutes to the proton gradient

Answer 36

**Cytochrome** bf links PSII to PSI and contubutes to the proton gradient

Question 37

How does the cytochrme bf tranfer electorns?

Answer 37

Palstoquinal (QH2) to platocyanin (Pc)

Question 38

Does the Stroma have high PH or low PH ?

Answer 38

Hight PH

Question 39

Where would you find low ph?

Answer 39

Thylakoid Lumen 2 H20 ---> O2 + 4H+

Question 40

Ph:

Answer 40

Ph: Pheophytin

Question 41

QA and QB:

Answer 41

QA and QB: plastoquinone-binding proteins

Question 42

Pc:

Answer 42

Pc: plastocyanin

Question 43

Cyclic photophosphorylation is a method to _____.

Answer 43

Cyclic photophosphorylation (blue arrow on prev. slide) A method to **regenerate ATP when it is low.**

Question 44

When no NADP+ is around and you have low ATP levles what will happen?

Answer 44

Cyclic flow happends

Question 45

The ____ form ____ reduced Ferredoxin go to _______.

Answer 45

The **electrons** from **Reduced** **Ferredoxin** go to **cytochrome bf**

Question 46

Cyclic photophosphorylation pumps what _ so ____ is made in ______ but no ____ is made?

Answer 46

This pumps **protons**, so **ATP** is made in **cyclic flow**, but no **NADPH!**

Question 47

Accessory Pigments ____ ____ into the Reaction Centers

Answer 47

Accessory Pigments **Funnel Energy** into the Reaction Centers

Question 48

Accessory Pigments (chlorophyll b and carotenoids) do what?

Answer 48

Incress efficiency of Light absorption.

Question 49

Accessory ________ are ____ in Numerous ______ ____ - ___ complexes

Answer 49

Accessory **Pigments** are Arranged in Numerous **Bacterial Light-Harvesting** Complexes

Question 50

Bacterial Reaction Center has no ____ and ____ or ___.

Answer 50

Bacterial Reaction Center **no chloroplast** ; no **PSI or PSII**

Question 51

When it comes to the reaction center what are the four major components?

Answer 51

Components 1. 4 polypeptides 2. Photoreceptors **Bacteriochlorophyl b Bacteriopheophytin** 3. Electron carriers **Quinones** **Ferrous iron** **Cytochrome c (yellow)**

Question 52

In Photosynthetic Bacteria: Electron Flow is

Answer 52

Cyclic

Question 53

Expain this

Answer 53

Question 54

Which of the following is not part of the Calvin cycle? Fixation of carbon dioxide ATP production Regeneration of RuBP oxidation of NADPH

Answer 54

ATP production

Question 55

Photosynthesis can be divided into two steps: the light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle. Which of the following is true regarding these two steps? A. The light-dependent reactions use ATP from the Calvin cycle, and the Calvin cycle uses energy from absorbed sunlight. B. The light-dependent reactions take place in the thylakoid membrane, and the Calvin cycle takes place in the stroma. C. The Calvin cycle converts water molecules into oxygen gas as a byproduct of its reactions. D. During the light-dependent reactions, carbon dioxide is fixed to produce sugars that form glucose

Answer 55

B. The light-dependent reactions take place in the thylakoid membrane, and the Calvin cycle takes place in the stroma.

Question 56

Which of the following are true regarding photosynthesis and cellular respiration? A. Photosynthesis produces carbon dioxide, and cellular respiration uses carbon dioxide B. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are performed by all plants and animals. C. Both photosynthesis and cellular respiration occur in the chloroplasts of a cell. D. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are near-opposite process

Answer 56

D. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are near-opposite processes.

Question 57

Photosynthesis is a ________ process, while cellular respiration is a ________ process. A. spontaneous . . . nonspontaneous B. anabolic . . . catabolic C. catabolic . . . catabolic D. catabolic . . . anabolic E. anabolic . . . anabolic

Answer 57

B. anabolic . . . catabolic

Question 58

Which of the following are photosynthetic inputs? I. CO2 II. H2O III. O2 IV. Light A. I, II, and IV B. I and IV C. II and IV D. I, III, and IV E. I, II, III, and IV

Answer 58

A. I, II, and IV

Question 59

Which of the following are photosynthetic outputs? I. C6H12O6 II. O2 III. H2O IV. Sugar A. II, III, and IV B. II, and III C. I, II, and IV D. I, II, and III E. I, and II

Answer 59

C. I, II, and IV

Question 60

Chlorophyll absorbs many different wavelengths of visible light, but ________ light is absorbed the least. A. Red B. Ultraviolet C. Yellow D. Green E. Blue

Answer 60

Green

Question 61

Where in the chloroplast is the pH the lowest? A. The thylakoid lumen B. The pH is the same in both the thylakoid lumen and the stroma C. Cytosol D. Matrix E. The stroma

Answer 61

A. The thylakoid lumen