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Biochem Exam 7 > Chaper 19 Photosynthesis > Flashcards

Chaper 19 Photosynthesis Flashcards

1
Q

Where does Photoynthesis happen?

A

In the chloroplast

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2
Q

Choloroplast are smilar to what organelle?

A

Mitochondrion

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3
Q

Overall the light reactions of photosynthesis are reminisnect of the ____ and the _____.

A

ETC and OP (Oxidative Phosphorylation)

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4
Q

Light is absorbed by ____, including _________.

A

Chromophores including chlorophylls

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5
Q

The ____ are found in protein complexes and called ______ ________ but in the larger complexes are called ________.

A

Chromophores are found in the protein compleexes called photoreaction centers, and in larger complex called Photosystems

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6
Q

________ ________ excites electons which tumble down electon transport system reminisent of the ____, eventually makeing ________.

A

Absorbed light excites electrons which tumble down electron transport systems reminiscent of the ETC, eventually making NADPH.

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7
Q

The ____ of photoynthesis also ________ and ATP is made by and ATP syntase.

A

The ETC of photosynthesis also pumps protons, and ATP is made by an ATP synthase.

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8
Q

What is Cyclic phosphorylation?

A
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9
Q

True or false
In Cyclic phosphorylation ATP is made along with NADPH?

A

False

In Cyclic phosphorylation only ATP is made, and no NADPH is made.

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10
Q

The ________ are part of a even larger light harvesting complexes that use resononce engery transfer to more efficinetly harvest light energy.

A

The Photosystems are part of a even larger light harvesting complexes that use resononce engery transfer to more efficinetly harvest light energy.

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11
Q

List the parts of a chloroplast and where things happen?

A

Stroma ( Dark reactons and where stugar is made)
Granum ( stacks of thylakoids)
Thylakoid space ( lumen)

Thylakoid membrane:
light harvesting proteins
Reactions centers
ETC
ATP syntanse

Light Reactions - ATP and NADPH are made

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12
Q

Describe the function and locations of photosynthetic pigments in eukaryotes and prokaryotes -c

A

The functions and is to

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13
Q

Compare and contrast cyclic and noncyclic photophosphorylation -c

A
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14
Q

Compare and contrast ECT to Photosynthesis -compltete

A

Photosynthesis

Oxidative Phosphorylation

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15
Q

Photosyntheis is ________ In reverse.

A

Respiration

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16
Q

What do light reactions produce?

A

NADPH and ATP

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17
Q

Dark Reactions are also known as the ________.

A

Calvin Cycle

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18
Q

Dark reactions or the calvin Cycle use ____ and to ____ drive the reduction of _ and its into glucose.

A

Dark Reactions (Calvin Cycle): use NADPH and ATP to drive the reduction of **CO2 **and its conversion into glucose.

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19
Q

Fill in the Blanks middle work on

A
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20
Q

The chromophores are found in protein complexes called _____ _________ (simple photosynthetic bacteria)

A

The chromophores are found in protein complexes called photoreaction centers (simple photosynthetic bacteria)

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21
Q

The chromophores are found in protein complexes called ____ for higher plants and cyanobacteria.

A

Photosystems

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22
Q

How does photosynthesis work in bacteria?

A

Photosynthic Bacteria

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23
Q

Explain the strategy that Higher plants use to include Cyanobacteria (blue-Green algae)?

A

They use PSII and PSI where they used light reactions and electron flow is both Cyclic and Noncyclic (Z scheme).

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24
Q

Higher plants preform both? And what are they able to produce with the light reactions?

A

Non-cyclic and cyclic
They make ATP and NADPH

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25
Q

Bacteria only preform ? And what are they able to produce with the light reactions?

A

Cyclic

ATP only

26
Q

What does the passing of electrons do and power?

27
Q

What is a quinone and plasto-quinone?

A

Electron carriers and pumps protons and makes a proton motor force and powers ATPase. As ATP is made.

28
Q

What is the enzyme that is used to reduce NADP+ to NADPH?

A

NADP+ reductase

29
Q

In the Z-scheme what are the two products that are being made?

A

ATP and NADPH

30
Q

What are the steps in non-cyclic?

A

Photo induced charge separation at PSII as light comes in

Electrons are promoted to a higher energy level and get passed down our bucket brigade and PUMPS protons to make a proton motor force.

The proton motor force powers ATPase

31
Q

Where do the replensing electons come from and what photosystem does it happen at?

A

PSII and the oxygen evloving complex ( water splitting complex) where water is splitted.

32
Q

In Photosystem II what are the three functions

A
  1. Splits water - ( oxygen evoling complex is found)
  2. Photoinduced charge sepration (special pair of electrons)
  3. Pumps Protons generates a proton gradient
33
Q

Where is PS II located?

A

Spands across the thylakoid membrane

34
Q

Electorn Flow throught Photosysem II
Fill in the Blanks here
What is (A)

A

(A) is the water splitiing molecule

35
Q

What are the (2) ways PS II generate a PH gradient?

A
  1. Protons are pulled from the stroma
  2. Protons are added in the lumen form splitting water
36
Q

________ bf links PSII to PSI and contrubutes to the proton gradient

A

Cytochrome bf links PSII to PSI and contubutes to the proton gradient

37
Q

How does the cytochrme bf tranfer electorns?

A

Palstoquinal (QH2) to platocyanin (Pc)

38
Q

Does the Stroma have high PH or low PH ?

39
Q

Where would you find low ph?

A

Thylakoid Lumen
2 H20 —> O2 + 4H+

40
Q

Ph:

A

Ph: Pheophytin

41
Q

QA and QB:

A

QA and QB: plastoquinone-binding proteins

42
Q

Pc:

A

Pc: plastocyanin

43
Q

Cyclic photophosphorylation is a method to _____.

A

Cyclic photophosphorylation (blue arrow on prev. slide) A method to regenerate ATP when it is low.

44
Q

When no NADP+ is around and you have low ATP levles what will happen?

A

Cyclic flow happends

45
Q

The ____ form ____ reduced Ferredoxin go to _______.

A

The electrons from
Reduced Ferredoxin go to
cytochrome bf

46
Q

Cyclic photophosphorylation pumps what _ so ____ is made in ______ but no ____ is made?

A

This pumps protons, so ATP
is made in cyclic flow, but no NADPH!

47
Q

Accessory Pigments ____ ____ into the Reaction Centers

A

Accessory Pigments Funnel Energy into the Reaction Centers

48
Q

Accessory Pigments (chlorophyll b and carotenoids) do what?

A

Incress efficiency of Light absorption.

49
Q

Accessory ________ are ____ in Numerous ______ ____ - ___ complexes

A

Accessory Pigments are Arranged in Numerous Bacterial Light-Harvesting Complexes

50
Q

Bacterial Reaction Center has no ____ and ____ or ___.

A

Bacterial Reaction Center no chloroplast ; no PSI or PSII

51
Q

When it comes to the reaction center what are the four major components?

A

Components
1. 4 polypeptides

  1. Photoreceptors Bacteriochlorophyl b Bacteriopheophytin
  2. Electron carriers
    Quinones
    Ferrous iron
    Cytochrome c (yellow)
52
Q

In Photosynthetic Bacteria: Electron Flow is

53
Q

Expain this

54
Q

Which of the following is not part of the Calvin cycle?

Fixation of carbon dioxide
ATP production
Regeneration of RuBP
oxidation of NADPH

A

ATP production

55
Q

Photosynthesis can be divided into two steps: the light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle.
Which of the following is true regarding these two steps?

A. The light-dependent reactions use ATP from the Calvin cycle, and the Calvin cycle uses energy
from absorbed sunlight.

B. The light-dependent reactions take place in the thylakoid membrane, and the Calvin cycle takes
place in the stroma.

C. The Calvin cycle converts water molecules into oxygen gas as a byproduct of its reactions.

D. During the light-dependent reactions, carbon dioxide is fixed to produce sugars that form
glucose

A

B. The light-dependent reactions take place in the thylakoid membrane, and the Calvin cycle takes
place in the stroma.

56
Q

Which of the following are true regarding photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

A. Photosynthesis produces carbon dioxide, and cellular respiration uses carbon dioxide

B. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are performed by all plants and animals.

C. Both photosynthesis and cellular respiration occur in the chloroplasts of a cell.

D. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are near-opposite process

A

D. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are near-opposite processes.

57
Q

Photosynthesis is a ________ process, while cellular respiration is a ________ process.
A. spontaneous . . . nonspontaneous
B. anabolic . . . catabolic
C. catabolic . . . catabolic
D. catabolic . . . anabolic
E. anabolic . . . anabolic

A

B. anabolic . . . catabolic

58
Q

Which of the following are photosynthetic inputs?
I. CO2
II. H2O
III. O2
IV. Light

A. I, II, and IV
B. I and IV
C. II and IV
D. I, III, and IV
E. I, II, III, and IV

A

A. I, II, and IV

59
Q

Which of the following are photosynthetic outputs?
I. C6H12O6
II. O2
III. H2O
IV. Sugar

A. II, III, and IV
B. II, and III
C. I, II, and IV
D. I, II, and III
E. I, and II

A

C. I, II, and IV

60
Q

Chlorophyll absorbs many different wavelengths of visible light, but ________ light is absorbed the
least.

A. Red
B. Ultraviolet
C. Yellow
D. Green
E. Blue

61
Q

Where in the chloroplast is the pH the lowest?

A. The thylakoid lumen
B. The pH is the same in both the thylakoid lumen and the stroma
C. Cytosol
D. Matrix
E. The stroma

A

A. The thylakoid lumen

Biochem Exam 7 (5 decks)

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