Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

A Level History - Stuart Britain (AQA) > Chaper 1-6 > Flashcards

Chaper 1-6 Flashcards

1
Q

1603

A

James I becomes king of England from previously being James VI of Scotland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

1625

A

Charles I inherits the throne

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

who is Charles’ wife and why did she cause tension?

A

Henrietta Maria - French catholic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

4 preogative rights of a monarch

A

foreign diplomacy
legislation
declaration of war
religion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

% of English population that made up political nation

A

less then 1%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

group that dominates James’ court that caused tension with political nation over influence

A

scots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

why did puritans disapprove of Charles’ court masques

A

catholic attendance - influence
didn’t like the women who acted in them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

reasons for finance becoming a serious problem for the crown in 1603

A

inflation
Elizabeth left behind debt
bad harvests

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Charles attempt at financial reform - relations with parliament

A

granted tonnage and poundage for one year instead of for life like previous monarchs
this was however out of charles control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

1642-49

A

the civil war

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

1649

A

Charles executed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Did the UK exist in 1603?

A

No, the UK did not come into existence as a political union until 1707.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are statute laws?

A

laws made by the king and parliament, these work alongside common law

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What countries did England have a good relationship with?

A

countries with protestant populations (Netherlands and parts of Germany)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What type of law did the legal system rely on?

A

common law

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

political nation

A

Refers to those who can vote and hold political power. Men who had an annual income of at least 40 shillings.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the three types of law?

A

common - laws made as a result of judges issuing rulings in cases

courts of assize - courts held in the main towns by visiting judges from higher courts from London.

statute laws - laws created by parliament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

personal monarchy

A

the theory that the monarch had absolute power. The personality of each King had signifiant impact on their ruling of their period and their relationship with the political nation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

state one advantage and disadvantage of the unwritten constitution

A

+ = in a society that valued consensus the ability to interpret constitution in different ways enabled compromise

  • = open to interpretation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Why was parliament cautious in assisting the monarch financially?

A

if they became self sufficient then they could establish themselves as absolute and not need parliament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How was the monarchy limited and unlimited?

A

limited - had to rely on others to ensure both central and local government could function

parliament controlled income

growth of the political nation - more influence

unlimited - had the power to: declare war, legislate, foreign diplomacy, religion

Great Chain of Being - people would accept wrongdoings

call and dismiss parliament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What book did King James write and when?

A

Basilikon Doron - a monarch’s duty to God, his duties of office, and advice on his daily behaviour.

1599

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

James attempt at financial reform - monopolies

A

monopoly on the production and sale of finished cloth was granted to a London businessman called William Cockayne, but the scheme failed. The dutch refused to purchase finished cloth from England, resulting in a slump in the English cloth trade.

1621 - over 100 monopolies granted

1624 - limit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

James attempt at financial reform - Cecil

A

in 1610, Cecil started negotiating a major reform of the crowns finances - the great contract.

beginning of 1610 - crown debt was £280,000 current annual expenditure of £511,000

1608 - book of rates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
1610
great contract
26
1608
book of rates
27
James attempt at financial reform - Spain
1603- crown still in debt foreign policy and war were the greatest sources of expenditure for monarchs. England had long been engaged with military struggle with spain 1604 - treaty of London - James 1 made peace with Spain and reduced crown expenditure significantly.
28
1604
treaty of london - james made peace with spain
29
James attempt at financial reform - extravagance and patronage
James overspending gave the court a bad name in 1606 - parliament granted 3 subsidies to help with his debts but he gave £44,000 of the money to three of his Scottish friends. worried that James would just give the money away in particular to his favoured Scots. 1621 - ante-supper = £3,300
30
James attempt at financial reform - lionel cranfield
after 1618 - he took charge of crown finances it led to saving however was not a permanent solution to financial weaknesses of the crown
31
James attempt at financial reform (factors outside of his control) - bad harvests
1623 and 1624
32
James attempt at financial reform (factors outside of his control) - Elizabeth I
did not reform crown finances war with spain
33
Charles attempt at financial reform - thirty years war
broke out in 1618 catholic ferdinand ii was overthrown as king of bohemia and was replaced by a more moderate fredrick v of palatinate. james avoided military involvement in the war charles planned to participate failure of spanish match and marriage alliance with henrietta maria princess of france, main opponent of spain required 1 mill expenditure charles failed to clearly explain his war plans to parliament which contributes to distrust
34
Charles attempt at financial reform - relations with parliament
granted tonnage and poundage for one year instead of for life like previous monarchs this was however out of charles control
35
Charles attempt at financial reform - benevolence
method through which a monarch would demand money from his subjects from his prerogative in times of emergency limited £1,400 subsidy in 1626 - very few offered money to charles
36
Charles attempt at financial reform - forced loan
equivalent to 5 parliamentary subsidies method ensured those liable paid up summoned public meetings where they were pressed to agree to pay
37
what was the book of rates?
book that listed the official valuations of those items on which custom duties should be paid the imposition was either a fixed sum or percentage of the items nominal value last time valuations had been set was in 1558 so new valuations were long overdue after issue - impositions became worth £70,000 per year \ threatened parliamentary rights over taxation raised question of crowns need for parliament
38
james character
pragmatic enjoyed debate communication and engaging outgoing
39
charles character
dogmatic shy unapproachable uncommunicative with parliament actions and intentions unclear interpreted criticism as rebellion
40
james court
open and lively - drunken and immoral tension come from dominance of bedchamber by scotts - worry that they would have influence on him (easy access)
41
james views on monarchy
firm believer in divine right of kings pragmatic when dealing with balance between royal prerogative and parliamentary privilege sought compromise with political nation when defending prerogative
42
charles views on monarchy
firm believer in divine right of kings defended prerogative provocatively - causing a reactiob unwilling to negotiate and compromise hampered dialogue with political nation
43
charles court
only included his supporters - isolated dominated by catholics and arminians - tensions linked with absolutism in france and spain enjoyed court masques - used to convey his own political message of King bringing order to society van dyck portraits created the impression charles aimed to be absolutist
44
what is prerogative?
power of the crown, derived from the idea of the divine right of kings
45
why was james seen in a more favourable light than elizabeth?
why was james seen in a more favourable light than elizabeth?
46
1608
book of rates and book of bounty
47
1624
james did not censor Montagu's new gag for an old goose
48
1603
millenary petition - presented by puritans
49
1604
hampton court conference james gave his support to bancrofts canons - catholic
50
51
henry prince of wales
james heir but dies in 1612
51
1606
oath of allegiance - after the gunpowder plot targets catholics
52
anthony van dyck
artist employed by charles to paint royal family
53
duke of buckingham
favourite of james and charles who eventually became lord high admiral but was assassinated in 1628
54
henrietta maria
wife of charles who was a french catholic
55
robert cecil
james appointed this man as lord treasurer, he negotiated the great contract of 1610
56
lionel cranfield
bought in by james 1618 - cut back the crowns finances
57
what was england until 1534?
predominantly catholic country
58
key beliefs of puritans
bible is in english priests should wear plain clothes plain churches - you should not be distracted from worshipping god
59
key beliefs of calvinists
majority mainstream in england king should be head of the church some decoration in churches priests should wear vestments
60
key beliefs of catholics
bible is in latin and should stay like it form of christianity supported by the kings of spain and france pope - cardinals - bishops - all essential parts of church governance
61
james treatment of puritans
tolerated - 1603 - group of moderate puritans presented millenary pledge to james. list of modifications in church services. james was not unsympathetic to the request. 1604 - hampton court conference persecuted - james and some of the Puritans strongly disagreed over the role of the bishops james supported church laws that upheld old orthodoxies that had been condemned by puritans in the millenary petition
62
james treatment of catholics
tolerated - jan 1606- parliament passed 2 severe laws against catholics, james did not enforce distinguished between quiet and catholics and factious catholics catholics remained loyal persecuted - may 1603 - ordered the collection of recusancy fines 1604 - parliament encouraged legislation against jesuits 1605 - gunpowder plot 1606 - oath of allegiance to force catholic recusants to declare allegiance to james and not the pope james viewed the pope as anti christ protestants were angry about catholicism - bloody mary, war with spain
63
james view on arminianism
did not specifically identify himself with arminianism, theological reaction against calvinism and puritanism that arose during his reign end of his reign - religious tension and james' apparent favouring of it failure of spanish match moved james closer to arminians william laud - most prominent arminian minister
64
charles approach to arminians
outsiders believed that arminians were in control or were subverting the views of the king charles believed that his difficulties with parliament were due to, in the years 1625-29, a puritan attack on the powers of the crown openly favoured arminianism ideas of kingship were most compatible with arminianism richard montagu - appointed by charles as royal chaplian, 'new gag for an old goose' which was anti calvanist
65
charles approach to puritans
1625-29 - attempt of a puritan attack on the powers of the crown not personally attend the 1626 york house conference - called by a puritan nobleman (earl of warick) chaired by buckingham clear charles supported montagu and favoured william laud puritans believed the court was full of catholics - absolutism
66
1624
james did not censor montagus 'new gag for an old goose'
67
1603
millenary petition - presented by puritans
68
1604
hampton court conference
69
1604
james gave his support to bancrofts canons
70
1606
oath of allegiance targets catholics after the gunpowder plot
71
who was appointed high admiral of the navy and then blamed for foreign policy failures?
buckingham

A Level History - Stuart Britain (AQA) (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions