Chap 9

Question 1

System software

Answer 1

the software that runs a computer, including the operating system.

Question 2

Operating system (OS)

Answer 2

a set of programs that coordinate all the activities
of computer or mobile device hardware

The operating system and utility programs
control the behind-the-scenes operations
of a computer or mobile device

Question 3

graphical user interface (GUI)

Answer 3

is a collective term for all the ways you interact
with the device.
* A GUI controls how you interact with menus,
programs and apps, and visual images such
as icons, by touching, pointing, tapping, or
clicking buttons and other objects to issue
commands.

Question 4

icon

Answer 4

a small picture that represents a program, file, or hardware device

Question 5

A button

Answer 5

a graphic that you click to execute commands you need to work with an app, such as on a toolbar, taskbar, or the ribbon.

Question 6

menu

Answer 6

a list of related items, including folders, applications, and commands.

Question 7

shortcut menu

Answer 7

a list of frequently used commands that relate to
an object.

Question 8

dialog box

Answer 8

which is a box with controls that lets you tell the operating system how you want to complete a command.

Question 9

Dialog box controls may include:

Answer 9

✔Option buttons: round buttons that present one choice; they are also called radio buttons.
✔Check boxes: square boxes that present a yes/no choice and display a check mark or x when selected.
✔List boxes: lists of options that appear when you click arrows in a dialog box; some list boxes allow you to make multiple selections

Question 10

How an operating system handles programs directly
affects your productivity

Answer 10

– Single tasking and multitasking
– Foreground and background
– Single user and multiuser

Question 11

A network administrator uses the server operating
system to:

Answer 11

– Add and remove users, computers, and other devices
– Configure the network, install software and administer network security

Question 12

A user account

Answer 12

enables a use to sign in to, or access resources on, a network or computer
– A user name, or user ID, identifies a specific user
– A password is a private combination of characters
associated with the user name

Question 13

Types of Operating Systems

Answer 13

-Servers
-Desktop
-Mobile

Question 14

A desktop operating system

Answer 14

is a complete operating system that works on desktops, laptops, and some tablets
– Windows
– macOS
– UNIX
– Linux
– Chrome OS

Question 15

PC (personal computer)

Answer 15

sometimes used to describe a computer that
runs the Windows operating system.

Question 16

UNIX (pronounced “you-nix”) i

Answer 16

a multitasking operating system developed in the
early 1970s by scientists at Bell Laboratories.

Question 17

Linux (pronounced LINN-uks)

Answer 17

introduced in 1991, is a popular multitasking UNIXbased operating system that runs on a variety of personal computers, servers, and devices.

Question 18

latest versions of Windows offer these features

Answer 18

– Uses tiles to access apps
– Includes the desktop interface
– Support for input via touch, mouse, and keyboard
– Email app, calendar app, and browser (Edge) included
– Photos, files, and settings you can sync with OneDrive
– Enhanced security through an antivirus program,
firewall, and automatic updates
– Windows Store offers additional applications for
purchase

Question 19

Chrome OS

Answer 19

Chrome OS is called a Chromebook
introduced by Google, is a Linux-based operating system designed to work primarily with web apps.
* Apps are available through the Chrome Web Store, and data is stored on Google Drive.

Question 20

server operating system

Answer 20

a multiuser operating system because it
controls a single, centralized server computer that supports many users on networked computers.
* Windows Server
* macOS Server
* UNIX
* Linux

Question 21

The operating system on mobile devices

Answer 21

mobile operating system and resides on firmware
– Android
– iOS
– Windows (Mobile Edition)

Question 22

mobile operating system

Answer 22

• has features similar to those of a desktop operating
  system but is focused on the needs of a mobile user and the capabilities of the device.
• works especially well with mobile device
  features, such as touch screens, voice
  recognition, and Wi-Fi networks
• optimized to perform functions common to mobile
  users.

Question 23

desktop operating system

Answer 23

may use menus, windows, and bars to
run apps and to access features within apps.

Question 24

mobile operating system

Answer 24

may have one program running at a time
with others running in the background, or it may provide a means for multiple apps to run simultaneously on the screen

use technologies such as cellular,
Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, GPS, and NFC to communicate with other devices
and to connect to the Internet

Question 25

Closed-source programs

Answer 25

have standard features and can be
customized only by using the operating system’s utilities.

Microsoft Windows and macOS are examples of closed-source operating systems

Question 26

device-dependent program

Answer 26

is one that runs only on a specific type
or make of computer or mobile device

Question 27

Proprietary software

Answer 27

is privately owned and limited to a specific
vendor or computer or device model.

Question 28

cross-platform application

Answer 28

is an application that runs the same
way on multiple operating systems.

Question 29

Open-source programs and apps

Answer 29

have no restrictions from the copyright holder regarding modification and redistribution

Question 30

A file

Answer 30

a collection of information stored
on your computer, such as a text
document, spreadsheet, photo, or song.

Question 31

file format

Answer 31

determines the type or types of programs and apps that you can use to open and display or work with a
file.

Question 32

A file extension

Answer 32

a three- or four-letter
sequence, preceded by a period, at the end
of a file name that identifies the file as a
particular type of document, such as .docx
(Microsoft Word document), or .jpg (a type
of graphic file).

Question 33

cloud storage

Answer 33

becomes more prevalent and users rely more on
their mobile devices, some of these tasks may not be ones you have encountered before

Question 34

File size

Answer 34

usually is measured in kilobytes (KB) (thousands of bytes of data), megabytes (MB) (millions of bytes of data), or gigabytes (GB) (billions of bytes of data)

You often need to compress files and folders before you share or transfer them

Question 35

file-naming conventions

Answer 35

When you save a file, you must give it a name that follows rules

Question 36

library

Answer 36

a special folder that catalogues specific files and folders in a central location, regardless of where the items are actually stored on your device

are helpful to find all files of a certain type, no matter
where they are located on your computer or device.
Within your file manager, you can move, copy, and delete folders. Moving or copying a folder affects all the contents of the folder.

Question 37

RAM resources

Answer 37

an operating system keeps track of the
apps, processes, and other tasks the system performs.
* You can open your computer or device’s version of the task manager
to view running programs and see the percentage of RAM being used.
* You can shut down programs and apps in the task manager to free up
RAM.