Chap 4 Flashcards
A program, or software
consists of a series of related
instructions, organized for a common purpose, that tells the computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them
consists of programs designed to make users
more productive and/or assist them with personal tasks
application, or app
is a set of programs that coordinates
all the activities among computer or mobile device
hardware
– Tools and utilities
– System software
An operating system
The technologies that developers use to create
apps often depends whether they will be
installed on a user’s device or accessed via a
network
– Native app
– Cloud app
– Web app
– Mobile web app
are apps that you install on your computer’s hard drive
Local apps
run from a removable storage device such as an
external hard drive, flash drive or the cloud
Portable apps
an app written for a specific operating system and
installed on a computer or mobile device.
A native app
programs that you access via the Internet using a
browser on a computer or mobile device
Web apps
Apps that you access on a smartphone or tablet
mobile apps.
Programs and apps are distributed in a variety
of forms
– Retail software
– Custom software
– Shareware
– Freeware
– Open source software
– Public domain software
Productivity applications can assist you in
becoming more effective and efficient while
performing daily activities at work, school, and
home
– Word processing
– Presentation
– Spreadsheet
– Database
– Note taking
– Calendar and contact management
– Project management
– Accounting
– Personal finance
– Legal
– Tax preparation
– Document management
– Support services
– Enterprise computing
allows users to create and manipulate documents
Word processing software
allows users to create
visual aids for presentations to communicate
ideas, messages, and other information to a group
Presentation software
allows users to organize data in columns and rows and perform calculations on the data
Spreadsheet software
is a collection of data organized in a manner
that allows access, retrieval, and use of that data
database
allows users to create, access, and manage a
database
Database software
is an application that enables users
to enter typed text, handwritten comments, drawings,
sketches, photos, and links anywhere on a page
Note taking software
helps you organize your calendar, keep track of
contacts, and share this information with other users
Calendar and contact management software
pros mobile apps.
-Mobile web apps can be created
quickly compared to native apps.
-Voice input and smart on-screen
keyboard simplify interactions.
-You can access your information
on the go.
Cons of mobile apps
- Mobile web apps are not as fast
and have fewer features than
native web apps or desktop apps - Poorly designed apps can turn
people away - Typing using a small on-screen
keyboard can be cumbersome
is a collection of individual
related applications available together as a unit
A software suite
is a collection of individual
related applications available together as a unit
A software suite
Project management software
is an application that allows a user to plan, schedule,
track, and analyze the events, resources, and
costs of a project
apps for personal use that you may use to create documents, develop presentations, track appointments, or stay organized
include word processing, spreadsheets, presentations,
databases, productivity suites, and enterprise computing.
Productivity apps
you will likely switch back and forth
between the following activities.
✓ When you create a project, you enter text or numbers, insert images, add
contacts, schedule appointments, and perform other tasks using a variety of
input methods, such as a keyboard, a mouse, touch, or voice.
✓To edit is to make a change to the contents of a document, worksheet, or
presentation, such as font, spacing, and alignment, among others.
Document management tools
protect and organize files and let you share your
documents with others
an application that helps businesses of all sizes record and report their financial transactions
Accounting software
Personal finance software
a simplified accounting
application that helps home users and small/home office users balance their checkbooks, pay bills, track personal income and expenses, verify account balances, transfer funds, track investments, and evaluate financial plans
application that assists in the preparation of legal documents and provides legal information to individuals, families, and small businesses
Legal software
an application that can guide individuals, families, or small businesses through the process of filing federal and state taxes
Tax preparation software
saves documents created in any application into a common format that has the same appearance as the original document
Document conversion software
A large organization, commonly referred to as an
enterprise, requires special computing solutions
because of its size and geographic distribution
– Human resources software
– Accounting and finance software
– Engineering or product development software
– Manufacturing software
– Marketing software
– Sales software
– Distribution software
– Customer service software
– Information technology software
include still images, animated images, and audio
make digital
content appealing and entertaining.
- The major types of digital media include
graphics, animation, video, and audio.
Digital graphics and media
Digital media apps fall into two
categories:
✔ Apps that are used to capture, edit,
and create digital media
✔ Apps that play digital media
Multimedia authoring software
allows users
to combine text, graphics, audio, video, and
animation in an interactive application
Website authoring software
helps users
create business websites for a variety of
purposes
a program that allows you to
view images and animations, listen to audio,
and watch video files on your computer or
mobile device
A media player
overlays information
and digital content on top of physical objects or
locations
An augmented reality app
provides an immersive user experience
virtual reality app
How Computers Represent Images
and Sounds
- Cameras, musical instruments,
and video projectors are analog
devices. - Computers are digital devices.
- A digital recorder turns the
sound into numbers representing
tones and then generates an
electronic signal of numbers
Digital graphics fall into two main types:
✔ Bitmap graphics (raster graphics) assign colors to the smallest
picture elements, called pixels.
✔ Vector graphics consist of shapes, curves, lines, and text created
by mathematical formulas.
Digital Graphics
can be created and edited using graphics apps, such as
Adobe Photoshop and Windows Paint.
Bitmaps
used for creating and editing vector images
Adobe Illustrator
which is a circuit
board that computers use to
process sound.
A sound card
encodes and usually compresses data for storage and then decompresses the data for playback.
A codec
bundles the video, audio, codec, and other parts into a single package.
A container
breaks words into individual sound units called phonemes and then strings them together to create words and phrases, or synthesized speech
Text-to-speech app
To protect your computer and mobile devices against malware
security tools
a protective barrier between a computer or network and others on the Internet
A firewall
security tool that detects and protects a personal computer and its data from unauthorized intrusions.
A personal firewall
protects a computer against viruses by identifying and removing any computer viruses found in memory, on storage media, or on incoming files.
An antivirus app
is a separate area of a hard drive that holds the infected file until the infection can be removed.
A quarantine
remain on a computer or mobile device until the user deletes them or restores them
Quarantined files
are programs that remove or block certain items from being displayed
Filters
Five widely used Internet filters are anti-spam programs, web filters, phishing
filters, pop-up and pop-under blockers, and ransomware apps
is a tool that removes a program, as well as any
associated entries in the system files
uninstaller
An image viewer
is a tool that allows users to display, copy, and print
the contents of a graphics file, such as a photo
occurs when the program or app stops functioning correctly. This can be
caused by an issue with the hardware, the software, a virus or other malware, or
using invalid data or commands.
A crash
Troubleshooting
refers to the steps you take to identify and solve a problem, such as a crash.
File managers perform
such as displaying a list of files on a storage
medium; organizing files in folders; and copying, renaming, deleting, moving, and sorting files.
tool searches for and removes unnecessary files
A disk cleanup
is a tool that reorganizes the files
and unused space on a computer’s hard disk so that the operating system accesses data more quickly and
programs run faster
A disk defragmenter
a tool that causes a display device’s screen to show a moving image or blank screen if no keyboard or mouse activity occurs for a specified time
A screen saver
A file compression tool
shrinks the size of a file(s)
A PC maintenance tool
is a program that identifies
and fixes operating system problems, detects and
repairs drive problems, and includes the capability
of improving a computer’s performance
A backup tool
allows users to copy, or back up,
selected files or the contents of an entire storage
medium to another storage location
reverses the process and returns backed up files to their original form
A restore tool
A power management tool
monitors a laptop or
mobile device’s battery usage, showing apps that
consume the most battery power, displaying
battery usage since the device was last charged,
and estimating usage time remaining
