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CSS 3003 > Chap 6 > Flashcards

Chap 6 Flashcards

1
Q

can generate quite a bit of heat, which could cause the chip to malfunction or fail.

A

Processor chips

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2
Q

small ceramic or metal component with fins on its
surface that absorbs and disperses heat produced.

A

heat sink

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3
Q

uses a continuous flow of fluid, such as
water and glycol, in a process that transfers the heated fluid away

A

Liquid cooling technology

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4
Q

rests below a laptop and protects the computer from
overheating.

A

cooling pad

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5
Q

main circuit board of the
computer

A computer chip is a small piece of semiconducting
material, usually silicon, on which integrated circuits are etched (cut or carve (a text or design) on a surface)

A

motherboard

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6
Q

What is machine cycle?

A
  • Fetching is the process of obtaining a program or an application instruction or data item from memory.
  • Decoding refers to the process of translating the instructions into signals the computer can execute.
  • Executing is the process of carrying out the commands.
  • Storing, in this context, “writing” means writing the result to memory (not to a storage medium).
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7
Q

interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer
Processor with more core perform better.

A

central processing unit (CPU)

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8
Q

a single chip with two or more separate processor cores.

A

multi-core processor

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9
Q

responsible for holding data & programs ass they are being processed by the CPU.

A

Computer memory

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10
Q

the component of the processor that directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computer

A

control unit

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11
Q

another component of the processor, performs arithmetic, comparison, and other operations

A

arithmetic logic unit (ALU)

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12
Q

controls the timing of all computer operations

A

system clock

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13
Q

generates heat that could cause the chip to malfunction or fail

A

A processor chip

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14
Q

Require additional cooling

A

– Heat sinks
– Liquid cooling technology
– Cooling pads

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15
Q

An operating system and other apps require a certain
amount of RAM to function properly.

A
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16
Q

swap file, or paging file

A

The area of the hard drive temporarily used to store data that cannot fit in RAM

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17
Q
  • It is the temporary storage location.
  • It is stored on one or more chips
    connected to the main circuit board of
    the computer (the motherboard).
  • It is volatile memory.
  • The motherboard is a circuit board
    inside a computer that contains the
    microprocessor, the computer memory,
    and other internal devices.
A

RAM

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18
Q
  • It is the permanent storage location.
  • It is stored on a chip that contains
    BIOS connected to the main circuit
    board of the computer (the
    motherboard).
  • It is non-volatile memory.
  • Computer manufacturers update the
    instructions on the ROM chip, which
    are referred to as firmware
A

ROM

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19
Q

Type of RAM

A
  • Dynamic RAM (DRAM)
  • Static RAM
  • Magnetto-resistive RAM
  • Flash memory
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20
Q

Dynamic RAM (DRAM)

A

Memory needs to be constantly recharged or
contents will be erased. (Volatile)

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21
Q

Static RAM

A

Memory can be recharged less frequently than
DRAM but can be more expensive than DRAM (Volatile)

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22
Q

Memory uses magnetic charges to store
contents and can retain its contents in the
absence of power (non-volatile)

A

Magneto-resistive RAM

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23
Q

Fast type of memory that is typically less
expensive than some other types of RAM and
can retain its contents in the absence of power. (Non-volatile)

A

Flash memory

24
Q

Cloud computing consists of a front end and a
back end, connected to each other through a
network

A
25
Q

the hardware and software with which a user interacts to access the cloud.

A

front end

26
Q

the servers and storage devices that manage and store the resources accessed by users.

A

back end

27
Q

allows companies to outsource, or contract to
third-party providers, elements of their information technology infrastructure.

A

Cloud computing

28
Q

SaaS (software as a service)

A

consumers and organizations
rely on cloud computing services to manage:
✔ Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)
✔ Storage as service (STaaS)
✔ Desktop as a service
✔ Data as a service (DaaS)
✔ Platform as a service (PaaS)

29
Q

Some additional cloud services include:
✔ Synchronize files
✔ Write documents
✔Backup files
✔ Stream media

A
30
Q
  • Verify that the company is reputable and has been in business for an extended
    period of time.
  • Choose a provider that encrypts your files.
  • Determine whether the provider’s service is compatible with your computer(s) and
    mobile device(s).
  • Compare the price of various storage plans and choose a provider that offers
    competitive pricing.
  • Verify that the cloud storage provider will support the types of files you want to
    back up. If desired, choose a cloud storage provider that allows you to share
    selected files with others.
  • Consider whether the provider offers a mobile app that you can use to access your
    files using a mobile device
A
31
Q

Home and business users choose cloud computing for
a variety of reasons

A

– Accessibility
– Cost savings
– Space savings
– Scalability

32
Q

digital currency that can be used to transfer money or
payments between users or corporations

is not backed or secured by a government.

A

Cryptocurrency

33
Q

such as Venmo, enable you to transfer money between your credit card or bank account and another
user.

A

Payment apps

34
Q

such as ApplePay, is an app that is connected to a specific payment card or financial account

A

digital wallet

35
Q

Some steps to protect your cloud-based data include:

A
  • Choose your cloud provider(s) carefully, whether you are using a
    web-based app that also offers storage, such as Google Drive, or
    using an online backup system.
  • Read the user agreement for your cloud provider.
  • Set the most advanced privacy settings that your service allows.
  • Use strong passwords and two-factor authentication to protect
    against unauthorized access from hackers.
  • Do not store sensitive data or other information, without ensuring
    that they will be encrypted.
36
Q

Analog

A

signals are continuous and vary in strength and quality

37
Q

Digital

A

signals are in one of two states: on or off

38
Q

binary system uses two unique digits (0 and 1)

A

Bits and bytes

39
Q

consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed by the processor, data needed by those instructions, and the results of processing the data

A

Memory

40
Q

Memory usually consists of one or more chips on the motherboard or some other circuit board on the computer.

A
41
Q

Memory stores three basic categories of items:

A

✔ The operating system (a program that manages the complete
operation of your computer) and other programs that control or
maintain the computer and its devices.
✔ Applications that carry out a specific task, such as word
processing.
✔ The data being processed by the applications and the resulting

42
Q

is the basic storage unit in memory. resides temporarily in a location in memory that has an address.

A

byte

43
Q

a unique number that identifies the location of a byte in memory.
* To access data or instructions in
memory, the computer references the
addresses that contain bytes of data

A

address

44
Q

RAM, also called main memory, consists of memory chips that can be read from
and written to by the processor and other devices

A
45
Q

Today’s computers improve their processing times with cache (pronounced cash), which is a temporary storage area.

A

Memory cache helps speed up the processes of the computer because it stores frequently used instructions and data

46
Q

refers to memory chipsstoring permanent data and instructions
– Firmware

A

Read-only memory (ROM)

47
Q

can be erased electronically and rewritten
– CMOS technology uses battery power to retain
information when the power to the computer is off
- non-volatile
-memory cards contains it on a removable device

A

Flash memory

48
Q

Some RAM chips, flash memory chips, and other memory chips use
CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) technology as it
provides high speeds and consumes little power.
* CMOS technology uses battery power to retain information even when
the power to the computer is off.
* Battery-backed CMOS memory chips.
* The flash memory chips that store a computer’s startup information
often use CMOS technology

A
49
Q

the amount of time it takes the processor to read from memory
– Measured in nanoseconds

A

Access time

50
Q

enhances functions of a component of a desktop or server system unit and/or provides connections to peripheral devices
– Sound card and video card

A

adapter card

51
Q

a socket on a desktop or server motherboard that can hold an adapter card

A

expansion slot

52
Q

Plug and Play technology

A

the computer automatically can recognize peripheral devices as you install them

53
Q

enhances functions of a mobile
computer and/or provides connections to peripheral
devices

A

USB adapter

54
Q

bus

A

allows the various devices both inside and
attached to the system unit to communicate with one
another
– Data bus
– Address bus

55
Q

Word size

A

the number of bits the processor can
interpret and execute at a given time

56
Q

three types of buses:

A

– System bus
– Backside bus
– Expansion bus

57
Q

converts the wall outlet AC power into DC power

A

power supply or laptop AC adapter

CSS 3003 (9 decks)

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