Chap 6 Fire Dynamics

Question 1

A Chemical reaction that releases heat?

Fire does this by releasing heat, light, smoke, toxic gases and other products

Answer 1

Exothermic Reaction

Question 2

Fire Triangle:

1st, 2nd and 3rd component

Answer 2

1. Fuel
2. Oxygen
3. Heat

Question 3

Oxygen is found in normal breathing air in the atmosphere at a volume of?

Answer 3

21%

Question 4

Developed in 1950 by Walter Haessler, A chemical chain reaction unites fuel, oxygen, and heat in the fire triangle to create the fire tetrahedron

Answer 4

Fire tetrahedron

Question 5

There are classes of fire? what are they?

Answer 5

5 classes

A,B,C,D,K

Question 6

Ordinary combustible fires

Answer 6

Class A

Question 7

What do class B fires involve?

Answer 7

Fuels comprising flammable petroleum products

Question 8

Class c fires?

Answer 8

Electrically energized equipment. The fuel can be Class A B or D, electrical hazard deontes this category as Class C

Question 9

What do Class D fires consist of?

Answer 9

Combustible metals such as sodium, titanium, magnesium and etc.

Question 10

What must be avoid with class D fires?

Answer 10

Water

Question 11

What do Class K fires involve?

Answer 11

Cooking fuels such as vegetable or animal oils and fats.

Question 12

Process of converting the fatty acids in cooking oils or fats to soap or foam; the action caused by a Class K fire

Answer 12

Saponification

Question 13

The extinguishing agent in Class K fires turn the burning substance to a non combustible soap. This process is an reaction, meaning it absorbs thermal energy from its surroundings.

Answer 13

Endothermic reaction.

Saponification

Question 14

The cause of death in more than 50% of all fire fatalities.

Answer 14

Carbon Monoxide

Question 15

When fires involve natural and synthetic materials that contain nitrogen, what is released?

Answer 15

Hydrogen Cyanide

Question 16

This is released from burning polyethylene?

Answer 16

Acrolein

Question 17

This deadly gas is released with Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is burning.

Answer 17

Hydrogen Chloride.

Question 18

A method of heat transfer by which there is direct contact between the object and the open flame. Sometimes considered a form of radiation.

Answer 18

Direct flame impingement.

Question 19

Because of rapid smoke and fire spread, the greatest dangers exist on what three floors?

Answer 19

Fire floor, floor directly above, top floor

Question 20

Process by which the walls and furnishings in a compartment heat as heat is transferred with the compartment; this heat then feeds back and further heats the compartment

Answer 20

Thermal radiation feedback

Question 21

The point in the progression of the fire when all the combustibles in the room have ignited.

Answer 21

Flashover

Question 22

The rolling of a flame under the ceiling as a fire progresses, first sign of a flashover.

Answer 22

Rollover

Question 23

The key to recognizing flashover?

Answer 23

Smoke movement and fire growth.

Question 24

Indicators of impending flashover include:

Answer 24

Room size

Extreme, unbearable heat build up that drives you to the floor

Rollover of fingerlike flames rolling out through the smoke

Question 25

What is a back draft?

Answer 25

Oxygen starved fire in an enclosed compartment suddenly gets a fresh supply of air, it ignites back with an explosive force.

Question 26

Indicators of Backdraft?

Answer 26

Thick smoke pushing our windows and other openings

Heavy smoke with no visible fire in well sealed spaces

Dark yellowish brown smoke seeping from tight buildings

smoke is pushed out and drawn back in

Windows are stained

Question 27

What type of ventilation to help prevent backdraft?

Answer 27

Vertical Ventilation

Question 28

More common on the east coast, in which a mercantile occupancy is on the first floor and living areas occupy the floors above.

Answer 28

Taxpayers

Question 29

Artificial face or front to a building

Answer 29

Facade

Question 30

The following are important aspects to consider in determining the stages of the fire growth:

Answer 30

Shape and Color of the flames

Density and color of the smoke

Pressure behind the smoke movement

Question 31

The fire’s progress depends on what?

Answer 31

Fuel load

Combustibility of the fuel

Intensity of the heat produced

Question 32

4 Phases of Fire Growth

Answer 32

Incipient

Growth

Fully Developed

Decay/Smoldering

Question 33

Five feet into a room that has flashed is often referred to as?

Answer 33

“The point of no return”