chap 6 chart

Question 1

Addison’s Disease

Answer 1

Hyperpigmentation of skin and mucous membranes

Question 2

Chronic Renal Disease

Answer 2

Pallor, xerosis, pruritis, hyperpigmentation, uremic frost, metastatic calcification in skin, calciphylaxis, “half & half” nails, hemodialysis-related skin disease

Question 3

CREST Syndrome

Answer 3

Calcinosis, Raynaud’s phenomenon, Scerodactyly, telangiectasias

Question 4

Crohn’s Disease

Answer 4

Erythema nodosum, pyoderma gangreneosum, enterocutaneous fistulas, apthous ulcers

Question 5

Cushing’s Disease

Answer 5

Striae, skin atrophy, purport, ecchymoses, telangiectasias, acne, moon facies, buffalo hump, hypertrichosis

Question 6

Deratomyositis

Answer 6

Heliotrope rahs, Gottron’s papuples, periungual telangiectasias, alopecia, poikiloderma in sun-exposed areas, Raynaud’s phenomenon

Question 7

Diabetes

Answer 7

Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, diabetic bullae, diabetic dermopathy, granuloma annulare, acanthosis nigricans, candidiasis, neuropathic ulcers, eruptive xanthomas, peripheral vascular disease

Question 8

Disseminated Intravascular coagulation

Answer 8

Skin necrosis, petechiae, eecchymoses, hemorrhagic bullae, purpura fulminans

Question 9

Dyslipidemias

Answer 9

Xanthomas (tendon, eruptive, tuberous); Xanthelasma (may occur in healthy people)

Question 10

Gonococcemia

Answer 10

Ertheymatous macules to hemorrhagic pustules; lesions in acral distribution that can involve palms and soles

Question 11

Hemochromatosis

Answer 11

Skin bronzing and hyperpigmentation

Question 12

Hypothyroidism

Answer 12

Dry, rough, and pale skin; coarse brittle hair; myxedema; alopecia (lateral third of the eyebrows to diffuse); skin cool to touch; thin and brittle nails

Question 13

Hyperthyroidism

Answer 13

Warm, moist, soft, and velvety skin; thin and fine hair; alopecia; vitiligo; pretibial myxedema (in Grave’s dx); in hyperpigmentation (local or generalized)

Question 14

Infective endocarditis

Answer 14

Janeway lesions, osler nodes, splinter hemorrhages, petechiae

Question 15

Kawasaki disease

Answer 15

mucosal erythema (lips tongue & pharynx), strawberry tongue, cherry red lips, polymorphous rash (primarily on trunk), erythema of palms and soles with later desquamation of fingertips

Question 16

Liver disease

Answer 16

Jaundice, spider angiomas and other telangiectasias, palmer erythema, Terry’s nails, pruritus, purport, caput medusae

Question 17

Leukemia/Lymphoma

Answer 17

Pallor, exfoliative erythroderma, nodules, petechiae, ecchymoses, pruritus, vasculitis, pyoderma gangrenosum, bullous diseases

Question 18

Meningoccoemia

Answer 18

Pink macules and papules, petecchiae, hemorrhagic petechiae, hemorrhagic bullae, purpura fulminans

Question 19

Neurofibromatoses 1 (von Recklinghausen’s syndrome)

Answer 19

Neurofibromas, cafe-au-lait spots, freckling in the axillary and inguinal areas, plexiform neurofibroma

Question 20

Pancreatitis (hemorrhagic)

Answer 20

Grey Turner sign, Cullen’s sign, panniculitis

Question 21

Pancreatic carcinoma

Answer 21

Panniculitis, migratory thrombophlebitis

Question 22

Peripheral Vascular Disease

Answer 22

Dry, scaly, shiny atrophic skin; dystrophic, brittle toenails; cool skin; hairless shins; ulcers; pallor; cyanosis; gangrene

Question 23

Pregnancy (physiologic changes)

Answer 23

Melasma, increased pigmentation of areolae, linea nigra, palmar erythema, varicose veins striae, spider angiomas, hirsutism, pyogenic granuloma

Question 24

Reiter’s syndrome

Answer 24

Psoriasis-like skin and mucous membrane lesions, keratoderma blennorrhagicum, balanitis circinata

Question 25

Rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 25

Vasculitis, Raynaud’s phenomenon, rheumatoid nodules, pyoderma gangrenosum, rheumatoid papules, erythematous to salmon-colored rashes

Question 26

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Answer 26

Erythematous rash that beings on wrists and ankles, then spread to palms an doles; becomes more purpuric as it generalizes

Question 27

Scleroderma

Answer 27

Thickened, taut, and shiny skin; ulcerations and pitted scars on fingertips, sclerodacyly; telangiectasias; Raynau’d phenomenon

Question 28

Sickle cell

Answer 28

Jaundice, leg ulcers, pallor

Question 29

Syphilis

Answer 29

First degree: Chancre (painless); Second degree: Rash (“the great imitator” - genearlized, maculopapular rash that involves the plams and soled, pustules, condylomata late, alopecia, white placques on oral and genital mucosa

Question 30

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Answer 30

Photosensitivity, malar (butterfly) rash, discoid rash, alopecia, vasculitis, oral ulcers, Raynaud’s phenomenon

Question 31

Thrombocytopenic purpura

Answer 31

Petecchia, ecchymoses

Question 32

Tuberous sclerosis

Answer 32

Adenoma sebaceum (angiofibromas), ash-leaf spots, shagreen patch periungal fibromas

Question 33

Ulcerative Colitis

Answer 33

Erythema nodosum, pyoderma gangrenosum

Question 34

Coxsackie A (Hand, foot, and mouth)

Answer 34

Oral ulcers, macules, papules, and vesicles on hands, feet and buttocks

Question 35

Erythema infectiousm (Fifths disease)

Answer 35

erythema of cheeks followed by erythematous, pruritus, reticulated (netlike) rash that starts on trunk and proximal extremities (rash worsens with sun, fever and temp changes)

Question 36

Roseola infantum (HSV 6)

Answer 36

erythematous, maculopapular, discrete rash (often fever present) that begins on head and spreads to involve trunk and extremities, petecchiae on soft palate

Question 37

Rubella (German measles)

Answer 37

Erythematous, maculopapular, discrete less confluent rash (ofern fever present) that beings on head and spread to involve trunk and extremities, petecchiae on soft palate

Question 38

Rubeola (measles)

Answer 38

Erythematous, maculopapular rash that begins on head and spreads to involve trunk and extremities (lesions become confluent on face and trunk, but are discrete on extremities), Koplik spots on buccal mucosa

Question 39

Varicella (chickenpox)

Answer 39

Generalized, pruritic, vesicular (vesicles on an erythematous base, “dewdrop on a rose petal”) rash beings on trunk and spreads peripherally, lesions appear in crops and are in different stages of healing

Question 40

Herpes Zoster (shingles)

Answer 40

Pruritic or painful vesicular rash (vesicles on an erythematous base) in a dermatomal distribution