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Comp sci > Chap 5.1 - The internet & its uses (Internet and WWW, digital currency) > Flashcards

Chap 5.1 - The internet & its uses (Internet and WWW, digital currency) Flashcards

1
Q

define internet

A

global network of interconnected computers

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2
Q

define World wide web

A

a collection of web pages accessed via the internet

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3
Q

difference between internet and WWW

A

-the Internet can function without the WWW but the WWW cannot function without the Internet
-the Internet is the infrastructure & the World Wide Web is a service built on top of it

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4
Q

does www relie on internet

A

yes

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5
Q

does the internet relie on www

A

no

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6
Q

how do you access a web page

A

URl

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7
Q

What are in the website address

A

-domain host
-domain name
-domain type
-country code

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8
Q

what does URl stand for

A

Uniform Resource Locator

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9
Q

why is it called URL

A

Uniform- consistent format
Resource- web page, pdf, pic etc
Locator- finder

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10
Q

what is the format of a URl

A

protocol:// website address /path /file name

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11
Q

what is the domain host

A

www

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12
Q

what is the domain name

A

website name

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13
Q

what is the domain type

A

eg. .com , .org

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14
Q

what is path

A

web page directing to file

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15
Q

what is file name

A

item on web page

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16
Q

is www used for apps

A

no

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17
Q

what is index page

A

first page of a website

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18
Q

what is hyperlink

A

text or picture that links to a website

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19
Q

what is address bar

A

where you type URl

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20
Q

what is a web

A

interconnected websites

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21
Q

What are the protocols

A

-https
-http

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22
Q

What does http mean

A

HyperText Transfer Protocol

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23
Q

What does https mean

A

HyperText Transfer Protocol secure

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24
Q

what are the features of http (4)

A

-date transmission in plain text
-can intercept date or eavesdrop
-used for website without sensitive date
-faster than https

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25
Q

What are the features of https (3)

A

-date transmissions are encrypted using an encryption algorithm (secure)
-protected against eavesdropping and data interception
-used for website with sensitive data
-have padlock symbol on website

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26
Q

how do you know a website is secure

A

-will have padlock symbol
-https

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27
Q

2 encryption algorithms

A

SSL and TLS

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28
Q

What does SSL stand for

A

Secure Socket Layer

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29
Q

Who issues encryption algorithms

A

Certificate authority (CA)

30
Q

What does SSL do

A

-has a public key for encryption
-server has the only private key used to decrypt data
-key is encrypted

31
Q

What is web browser

A

software that connects DNS to locate IP address

32
Q

What is DNS

A

Domain name server

33
Q

What are the functions of web browser

A

-store websites as bookmarks
-keep history of website user visited
-can switch between websites
-use tabs to open multiple web pages
-data stored as cache
-use hyperlinks
-use cookies
-uses address bar
-have a home page
-data is stored a cache

34
Q

What is the first DNS

A

ISP

35
Q

What is ISP

A

internet service provider

36
Q

How does a browser look up a web page using DNS

A

-user opens browser, types URL and browser asks DNS (1) to map URL to IP address
-If DNS (1) don’t have, request sent to DNS (2) which maps URL to IP and sends it to DNS (1)
-DNS (1) put IP and associates URL to it’s database/ cache
-Website server sends HTML files and IP address to comp and required pages are downloaded. Browser displays content by rendering HTML

37
Q

What does HTML files do when the browser interoperates it

A

structures content

38
Q

what is forward look up

A

DNS - IP

39
Q

What is reverse look up

A

IP - DNS

40
Q

what is a cookie

A

text file sent to user’s browser to track user preferences

41
Q

what are persistent cookies

A

cookie stored in user’s hard drive

42
Q

what are session cookies

A

temporarily stored cookie on user’s computer

43
Q

what are the features of persistent cookies (5)

A
  • stored in hard drive of computer
    -remains until expire data or user deletes it
  • has personal details that logins user when revisiting website (faster log in)
  • tracks user’s internet habits and user’s preferences
  • stays after browser is closed
  • saves user’s items in a virtual shopping cart
  • identifies user when they revisit website
    -allows progress on games/ quizzes to be stored
    -
44
Q

What are the features of session cookies (6)

A
  • stored in temporary memory of computer
  • new cookie created when revisiting website
  • stored in temporary memory location in computer
  • stores user’s preferences
  • don’t collect personal information
  • deleted once browser is closed
  • saves user’s items in a virtual shopping cart
45
Q

differences between session and persistent cookies

A

session:
-stored in temporary memory of comp
-don’t collect personal info
-don’t identify user
-deleted once user leaves website
persistent:
-stored in hard drive of comp
-stored until expiry data or user deletes it
-has personal details that logins user when revisiting website
-remain after browser closes

46
Q

What is digital currency

A

currency managed, stored & exchanged digitally & issued by a central authority

47
Q

what is cryptocurrency

A

digital currency that uses cryptography for security based on a blockchain and lacks a central authority

48
Q

what does digital currency rely on

A

central banking system

49
Q

How does cryptocurrency work

A

block chaining

50
Q

what is the problem with centralisation

A

maintaining confidentiality and security

51
Q

what is a block chain

A

-decentralised database that stores transactions
-consists of interconnected computers with no central server
-uses cryptocurrency to monitor all transactions

52
Q

what is the name of the first block in a block chain

A

genesis block

53
Q

what does all blocks in a block chain contain

A

-data (info. abt transaction)
-hash value
-previous hash value

54
Q

how does block chaining remove security issues

A

-each block has a unique hash value which changes when data is tampered with
-has value link with other blocks are broken
-transaction with following blocks are invalid

55
Q

what happens when a new transaction is made

A

new transactions- new block- new hash value with timestamp
hash value is unique to each block, timestamp identifies when event took place

56
Q

what is the previous hash value of genesis block

A

00 00

57
Q

what happens if a block is changed

A

the next block previous hash value does not match to the changed has value so the next block and beyond is invalid and chain will be broken

58
Q

what is proof of work

A

10 mins necessary to check a block before it is added or a transaction happens

59
Q

who are miners

A

those who do proof of work and get commissions in cryptocurrency for them

60
Q

how do you tackle a block chain

A

need to tackle all blocks at the same time

61
Q

what happens if data changes

A

hash value changes

62
Q

what does a block show

A

a transaction had taken place

63
Q

what is the primary function of Https

A

transferring data over the internet

64
Q

what is the purpose of domain name

A

to identify websites Ip address

65
Q

a protocol used to request and send web pages

A

Http

66
Q

what is a web server

A

stored web pages

67
Q

language used to create a website

A

HTML

68
Q

what is the main purpose of a web browser

A

display web pages by rendering HTML

69
Q

same btw digital currency & cryptocurrency

A

-both are digital
-stored in digital wallets & transacted through internet
-potentially accessible to anyone with internet access
-experience fluctuation in value

70
Q

diff. btw digital currency & cryptocurrency

A

crypto:
-

Comp sci (13 decks)

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