Chap. 5+6 Summative

Question 1

Republicanism

Answer 1

the idea that government should be based on the consent of the people

Question 2

Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation

Answer 2

-weak central government….(declared war, makes peace+signs treaties, established a postal service)
-gave more power to states and local governments
-government couldn’t tax
-no federal court system
-could not regulate trade
-1 vote per state= 9/13 to pass laws…. 13/13 to amend laws (no progress)

LIMITED CENTRAL GOV.POWER TO PREVENT TYRANNY AND BRITISH MONARCHY GOV.

Question 3

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Answer 3

-provided method to admit new states into the union

Question 4

Shays Rebellion

Answer 4

-lead by Daniel Shay
-in rebel against how AOC + fighting for change to the national debt (weak central gov.)
-farmers
-farmers wanted the Massachusetts gov. to protect them from their creditors, but their money and property was threatened to be foreclosed
-Constitutional Convention

Question 5

The Great Compromise

Answer 5

-solution to the Virginia and New Jersey Plans
-proposed by Roger Sherman
-two house Congress (bicameral) where each state would have equal representation in Senate (upper house) but population/ size of state determines representation in the House of Representatives (Lower House)

Question 6

The 3/5 Compromise

Answer 6

-Is every slave counted toward the population of the state?
-for every 5 slaves it would be counted as 3 people
-supported by the South

Question 7

Federalism

Answer 7

-divided power between national government and the state government

Question 8

Legislative Branch

Answer 8

Branch that makes the laws

Question 9

Executive Branch

Answer 9

Branch that enforces the laws

Question 10

Judicial Branch

Answer 10

Branch that interprets the laws

Question 11

Checks and Balances

Answer 11

-prevented tyranny
-prevents one Branch from dominating the gov.

Question 12

Ratification

Answer 12

-signing or giving formal consent to a treaty

Question 13

Federalists

Answer 13

-strong central government
-less power to the states
-trade economy (shipping and manufacturing )
-loose interpretation of the constitution (necessary and proper)
-favored for National Bank
-supporters = North + Northeast
-wanted protective tariffs
- Alexander Hamilton
-sided with Britain- trade partner

Question 14

Anti-Federalists

Answer 14

-more power to the states
-weak central gov,
-favored agricultural economy
-strict interpretation of the Constitution
-supporters = South
-Thomas Jefferson
-sided with France to help with after wars

Question 15

John Jay/ Jay’s Treaty

Answer 15

Cause: War between GB and France against US (1793)
-John Jay negotiated treaties in American Revolution
-John Jay treaty states that British would evacuate the Great Lakes forts that they have been occupying after 1783
-treaty left out American concerns (trading rights)

Question 16

Alexander Hamilton

Answer 16

-creator of the National Bank
-Secretary of Treasury under Washington
-Federalist

Question 17

Bill of Rights

Answer 17

-favored Anti-Federalists
1. freedoms
2. the right to keep and bear arms
3. cannot be forced to have soldiers in your home during a time of peace
4. protection from unreasonable search (need probable cause +warrant)
5. cannot be forced to admit or answer questions at trial at all
6. right to an attorney/ must know why you are charged/ trials by peers where crime occurred/cross-examination
7. trail by jury in civil cases
8. protection from cruel and unusual punishment
9. rights that are given not explicitly in Constitution
10. states right amendment

Question 18

George Washington

Answer 18

-first POTUS
-set precedents
-served 2 terms as precedents

Question 19

Washington Farewell Address

Answer 19

-wanted unity with the nation
-asked and feared of revenge getting the best of the two party system/ not in favor
-wanted to sustain strong patriotism
-disagrees with making alliances with other strong forging nations (not good for political standpoint)

Question 20

Judiciary Act of 1789

Answer 20

-created SCOTUS

Question 21

Whiskey Rebellion

Answer 21

-effect of excise taxes
-able to be put to end under the Constitution ruling
-Washington sent troops to squash the rebellion

Question 22

Democratic- Republicans

Answer 22

-strict interpretation of the Constitution
ex. Thomas Jefferson

Question 23

Excise tariff

Answer 23

-tax on sale, distribution, and manufacture of a product
ex. Whiskey and Corn
-lead to Whiskey Rebellion

Question 24

Protective Tariff

Answer 24

-taxes dues or fees placed on foreign goods

Question 25

Neutrality

Answer 25

staying neutral in times of other wars

Question 26

Nullification

Answer 26

-states have the right to declare any law they think to be unconstitutional to be non-binding (void)
-DR supported

Question 27

Sectionalism

Answer 27

when a nation is split into different sections instead of one unity

Question 28

XYZ affair

Answer 28

-beginning of US navy
-leads to the QUSAI war
-American send 3 diplomats to France to try and restore alliance after French upset at alliance w/GB
-3 men known as XYZ try to bribe the diplomats
-America upset due to disrespect

Question 29

Alien Acts

Answer 29

-immigrant needed to live in US for 14 years to be a resident and citizen

Question 30

Sedition Acts

Answer 30

-crime to publish critical things against the government
cause: Democratic-Republican were critical of of Adams presidency + federal gov.

Question 31

John Adams

Answer 31

-second president
-federalist

Question 32

Thomas Jefferson

Answer 32

-first Democratic-Republican president
-Louisiana Purchase
-Marbury v. Madison
-War of 1812
westward expansion

Question 33

Marbury v. Madison

Answer 33

-Marbury was a midnight judge assigned by John Adams
-Madison did not approve or assign Marbury his commission
-Marbury sues Madison (Secretary of State who runs assigning the judges)
-Marbury had rights to his commissions

Question 34

Judicial Review

Answer 34

-ability of SCOTUS to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional

Question 35

Lewis and Clark

Answer 35

-expedition to explore west
-sent by Jefferson
-told to record new species, plants, and new cultures of people
-met their ally Sacajawea who acted as a guide and translator

Question 36

Louisiana Purchase

Answer 36

-Jefferson sends James Monroe to buy Louisiana port for 10 million
-James Monroe returns with all land west of the Mississippi River and Louisiana for 15 million
-causes extreme debt
-Jefferson concerned if this is constitutional

Question 37

war hawk

Answer 37

-someone who favors war and only wants it
ex. Henry Knox
-a group of Western and Southern who called for war against England

Question 38

Embargo Act

Answer 38

-prohibited American merchant ships from sailing to any foreign ports
-backfires…. hurts US b/c North won’t get good trades and good enough value for goods offering to trade

Question 39

Impressment

Answer 39

-capturing of American soldiers on their own ships to then be used as foreign soldiers
-done by British and French

Question 40

War of 1812

Answer 40

Cause: -British impressement
-known as Second War for American Independence
-star spangled banner created by Francis Scott about the burning of white house and buildings
-ends in restored lands, ceasefire, and no winner
-

Question 41

Treaty of Ghent

Answer 41

-ends war of 1812
-British evacuate America
-restoration of old boundaries previous to war

Question 42

Cause for AOC

Answer 42

-needed government+ union for ruling of all states
-gave power equally to both large and small states
-states need equality so each state gets 1 vote in Congress
Cause: small states feared that bigger states would get more power/ representation

Question 43

New Jersey Plan

Answer 43

-proposed by William Patterson
-favored the small states
-proposed a Congress of unicameral legislature

Question 44

Virginia Plan

Answer 44

-proposed by James Madison
-favored big states
-proposed a bicameral legislative that had 2 houses in legislative