Chap 5 & 6

Question 1

Distraction

Answer 1

separating the joint surface

Question 2

Grade I

Answer 2

small amplitude rhythmic oscillations are performed at the beginning of the range. Rapid oscillations

Question 3

Grade II

Answer 3

Large-amplitude rhythmic oscillations are preformed within the range, not reaching the limit. They are usually performed at 2 or 3 per second for 1 to 2 min

Question 4

Grade III

Answer 4

Large amplitude rhythmic oscillations are performed up to the limit of the available motion and are stressed into the tissue resistance. They are performed at 2 or 3 per second for 1 to 2 min

Question 5

Grade IV

Answer 5

Small amplitude rhythmic oscillations are performed at the limit of the available motion and stressed into the tissue resistance

Question 6

Grade I and II primarily used for

Answer 6

treating joints limited by pain or muscle guarding. Oscillations may have an inhibitory effect on the perception of painful stimuli

Question 7

Grade III and IV are primarily used for

Answer 7

Stretching maneuvers

Question 8

Grade I non Thrust sustained joint play

Answer 8

small amplitude distraction is applied when no stress is palced on the capsule.

Question 9

Grade II sustained joint play

Answer 9

enough distraction or glide is applied to tighten the tissue around the joint.

Question 10

Grade III sustained joint play

Answer 10

distraction or glide is applied with amplitude large enough to place stretch on the joint capsule and surrounding periarticular structures.

Question 11

what % of muscle accounts for body weight at birth

Answer 11

25

Question 12

which age muscle mass peaks men and women respectively

Answer 12

men 18-25

women 16-20

Question 13

what age mm mass start decrease?

Answer 13

25

Question 14

rate of decline of mm strength accelerates to what %

Answer 14

15% to 20%

Question 15

broad term that refers to the ability of contractile tissue to produce tension and a resultant force based on the demands placed on the mm

Answer 15

muscle strenght

Question 16

another aspect of mm performance. Related to the strength and speed of movement and is defined as the work (force x distance) produced by a muscle per unit of time (force x distance/time). It is the rate of performing work

Answer 16

Muscle power

Question 17

increasing the work a muscle must perform during a specified period of time or reducing the amount of time required to produce a given force.

Answer 17

Power training

Question 18

What are examples of power training

Answer 18

plyometric training, stretch-shortening drills

Question 19

what kind of endrurance is repetitive, dynamic motor activities such as walking, cycling, swimming

Answer 19

cardiopulmonary endurance (total body endurance)

Question 20

What kind of endurance is the ability of a muscle to contract repeatedly against load over an extended period of time

Answer 20

Muscle endurance/local endurance

Question 21

SAID principle

Answer 21

Specific adaptation to imposed demand. a frame work of specificity is a necessary foundation on which exercise programs should be built

Question 22

Wolff’s law

Answer 22

body systems adapt over time to the stress placed on them

Question 23

Type I mm fibers

Answer 23

slow twitch, tonic, found in postural mm for long endurance activity

Question 24

Type II mm fibers

Answer 24

Fast twitch, phasic, generate a great amount of tension within a short period of time

Question 25

physiological adaptation to resistance exercise - neural adaptations

Answer 25

increased recruitment in the number of motor units firing as well as an increased rate and synchronization of firing

Question 26

Physiological adaptation to resistance exercise, skeletal mm adaptations 3 stages

Answer 26

Hypertrophy: increase in the size of an individual mm fibers

Hyperplasia: increase in the number of mm fibers

Muscle fiber type adaptation

Question 27

vascular and metabolic adaptations

for athletes who participate in heavy resistance training have more/fewer capillaries per mm fibers?

Answer 27

fewer. Endurance athletes will have more because of an increase in nn of myofilatments per fiber

Question 28

repetition maximum (RM)

Answer 28

is defined as the greatest amount of weight a muscle can move through the full available ROM with control a specific number of times before fatiguing

Question 29

To improve mm strength

Answer 29

3 sets of 10 RM performed for 10 repetitions over the training period led to gain in strength

Question 30

To improve mm endurance

Answer 30

performing many repetitions of an exercise against a submaximal load such as 3-5 sets of 40 reps against a low amount of weight

Question 31

Exercise order

Answer 31

large mm groups should be exercised before small mm groups, and multi joint exercises should be performed before single joint exercise

Question 32

concentric mm contraction

Answer 32

during maximum effort concentric mm contractions as the elocity of mm shortening increases, the force the mm can generate decreases..

Question 33

eccentric mm contraction

Answer 33

velocity of active mm lengthening increases, force production in the muscle initially increases to a point then quickly level off

Question 34

Rehab training order

Answer 34

isometric - eccentric - concentric

Question 35

what is eccentric training good for

Answer 35

rehabilitation, preventing risk of reinjury for high intensity deceleration, quick change direction, sport related physical performance as well as injury or surgery

Question 36

overtraining

Answer 36

decline in physical performance in healthy individuals participating in high intensity, high volume strength and endurance training programs, chronic fatigue, staleness, burnout

Question 37

overwork

Answer 37

or overwork weakness

progressive deterioration of strenght in mm already weakened by nonprogressive neuromuscular disease. such as polio

Question 38

Traction

Answer 38

pulling on long bone along axis