Chap 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the difference between top down and bottom up processing?

A

bottom up processing deals with the sensations, and is an early level analysis. Top down processing relates to our understanding of the world which gives the feeling meaning

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2
Q

What are the 5 Gestalt Principles with light descriptions?

A
  1. Principle of proximity (close together = group)
  2. Principle of similarity (similar = group)
  3. Principle of closure (Incomplete information = filled in gaps with expected)
  4. Principle of good continuation (lines crossing over are continuous)
  5. Principle of common fate (Moving together = group)
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3
Q

What is the visible spectrum of light?

A

400-700nm

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4
Q

What is the order of the layers in the eye?

A

Cornea, pupil, lens

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5
Q

What is the process called of focusing images on the retina?

A

Accomodation

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6
Q

What is the fovea?

A

A cluster of cones that helps us see clearly

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7
Q

What is visual acuity?

A

The transmission of fine detail by cones

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8
Q

List and describe the 6 monocular depth cues

A
  1. Occlusion is overlapping pictures
  2. Relative height is closer to horizon is farther away
  3. Relative size is father is smaller
  4. Perspective convergence is in straight line objects, the lines converge as they get father
  5. Cue of familiar size is when we already know the size of something so if it is small it is far
  6. Atmospheric perspective is farther away is hazier
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9
Q

When does transduction happen in the ear?

A

Cochlear fluid vibrates the basilar membrane and and it ripples

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10
Q

What is place theory in the ear?

A

The brain uses location to understand pitch of sound, low frequencies are deeper in the cochlea and higher early

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11
Q

What is frequency theory?

A

The brain uses information about the rate of cell firing and grouping to get more insight on pitch (volume?)

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12
Q

What receptors deal with smell and taste?

A

Chemoreceptors.

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13
Q

What are the 4 types of skin mechanoreceptors? What are their functions?

A
  1. Merkel receptor (continuous pressure readings)
  2. Messner Corpuscle (Start and end of Pressure)
    Deeper:
  3. Ruffini cylinder (stretching)
  4. Pacinian Corpuscle (vibration/texture)
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14
Q

Where is the somatosensory cortex?

A

The postcentral gyrus

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15
Q

What receptors are responsible for temperature? What is special about temperature information?

A

Thermoreceptors, and sensory information is comparative to context.

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16
Q

What is the kinesthetic sense?

A

An understanding of where our body is in space.

17
Q

What is the term for the point at which a stimulus becomes consciously detectable?

A

The absolute threshold

18
Q

What are the two types of bias when it comes to signal detection?

A

Conservative and liberal bias