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Science F2 > Chap 5 > Flashcards

Chap 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

whats the density of water

A

1 g cm3

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2
Q

does water have a high surface tension or low surface tension

A

high

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3
Q

what is surface tension

A

a result of cohesive force betweeen the molecules of water at the surface that allows various things to float to water

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4
Q

meaning of capillary action

A

cohesive force between water molecules n adhesive force between water molecules and cell walls of xylem which allow water to be drawn up from the roots to leaves.

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5
Q

what results in the change of water?

A

absorption and release of heat

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6
Q

water is a compound made out from :

A

hydrogen and oxygen that combine chemically

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7
Q

how can we determine the composition elements in a water molecule

A

through electrolysis

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8
Q

during electrolysis , oxygen gas is produced at the _______ while hydrogen gas is produced at the ___________

A

anode, cathode

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9
Q

whats an anode

A

the electrode that is connected to the positive terminal of a battery

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10
Q

whats a cathode

A

the electrode that is connected to the negative terminal of a battery

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11
Q

what is salt’s effect on ice and water

A
  • lowers melting point of ice
  • increases boiling point of water
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12
Q

What is evaporation

A

the process that happens at the surface of water that changes water to water vapour

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13
Q

what are the 4 factors that affect the rate of evaporation of water

A

humidity, surrounding temp, exposed surface area of water, movement of air

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14
Q

how does humidity affect the rate of evaporation of water

A
  • dry air contains less water vapour and therefore can hold more water molecules that escape from the surface of water
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15
Q

how does surrounding temp affect the rate of evaporation of water

A
  • when surrounding temp increase, the water molecules at the surface gain more energy, move faster n escape into the air easily.
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16
Q

how does exposed surface area of water affect the rate of evaporation of water

A

exposed surface area that is larger allows more water molecules to escape

17
Q

how does movement of air affect the rate of evaporation of water

A

-sweeps away water vapour in the air
- high speeds of wind cause the air at the surface of water to dry

18
Q

whats a solute

A

substance that can dissolve in a liquid

19
Q

whats a solvent

A

liquid that dissolves a substance

20
Q

whats a solution

A

mixture formed when a solute dissolves in a solvent

21
Q

Solutions formed can be classified as: (3)

A

dilute solution, concentrated solution and saturated solution

22
Q

Characteristics of Dilute solution

A

-less amount of solute in the solvent
- can dissolve more solute

23
Q

Characteristics of concentrated solution

A

-more amount of solute in the solvent
-can dissolve less solute

24
Q

characteristics of saturated solution

A

-excess amount of solute in the solvent
- cannot dissolve any more solute and form precipitate

25
Q

difference between solution n suspension

A

solution is a clear mixture formed when a solute dissolves in a solvent
suspension is a cloudy mixture formed from undissolved solute particles in a solvent

26
Q

What is Solubility

A

Solubility of a solute is the maximum amount of the solute that can dissolve in the solvent at a specific temp

27
Q

what affects the rate of solubility

A

high temperature, rate of stirring and size of solute

28
Q

why does the size of solute affect the rate of solubility

A

the smaller the size of solute, the bigger the total surface area that is exposed to the solvent particles

29
Q

whats a colloid

A

a mixture of two or more solutes dispersed evenly in a solvent, it is an intermediate between a solution and a suspension

30
Q

why is water known as a universal solvent

A

due to its ability to dissolve almost all substances, solids,liquids or gases

31
Q

What are the 5 categories of organic solvents

A

alcohol
kerosene
acetone
turpentine
ether

32
Q

whats the use of organic solvents

A

can be used to dissolve solutes that are insoluble in water

33
Q

what r the 4 water purification methods

A

boiling, chlorination, filtration, distillation

Science F2 (13 decks)

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