Chap 4 Flashcards
What causes infectious diseases
infection of pathogens directly through mediums and vectors
What causes non infectious diseases
genetic factor or lifestyle
what are the two ways airbone diseases are transmitted?
droplet transmission, dust transmission
What is droplet transmission
pathogen-containing droplet sprays from the infected person through sneezing, coughing etc
What is dust transmission
bacteria in the spit of an infected person dry up n form spores which are spread together with dust in the air
What does the first line of defence do
prevents pathogens from entering the body
What does the second line of defence do
fights pathogens through phagocytosis
what does the third line of defence do
fight pathogens by producing antibodies
what is antibodies
a protein produced by white blood cells into the bloodstream in response to antigens
what is antigens
a foreign substance that comes from outside the body (examples r like pathogens)
whats the function of skin in the first line of defence
to secrete sweat and sebum
whats the function of white blood cells in the second line of defense
act as phagocytosis by engulfing and digesting the pathogens
what does vaccines do
vaccines contain antigens that will stimulate the body’s immune system, in result forming immunity against certain infections
Immunity can be classified into :
passive immunity and active immunity
Natural Passive immunity is obtained through:
antibodies from mother’s blood and breast milk
