Chap 4.2 Slides

Question 1

One of the world’s oldest religions, __________, is practiced by most people in India today.

Answer 1

Hinduism

Question 2

How did Hinduism evolve?

Answer 2

Hinduism evolved over thousands of years and as influenced by the cultures and traditions of many peoples. .

Question 3

Hinduism believes in ____________.

What is this?

Answer 3

Belief in Brahman, eternal being that created, preserves world

Question 4

Hindus believe each person has ________, a __________

Answer 4

Hindus believe each person has atman, soul.

Question 5

Wha is the role of Atman?

Answer 5

Atman shapes personality, cannot be destroyed, even by death

Question 6

Hindus believe in _________, manifestations of Brahman, who does ____________

Answer 6

Devas, manifestations of Brahman, active in world, helping maintain order in nature

Question 7

Who were the 3 most influential devas?

Answer 7

Three devas- Brahma, Vish nu, Siva -are particularly influential.Some believe in

thousands; others worship only one.

Question 8

What was the pattern of life that Hindus believe in?

Answer 8

Hindus believe universe, everyone in it, part of continual pattern of birth, death, and rebirth

Question 9

According to Hindus, what happens after death?

Answer 9

After death atman reborn in process called reincarnation , or samsara

Question 10

HIndus believe naure of person’s life is shaped by _____________.

What happens if it’s bad or good?

Answer 10

Nature of person’s new life shaped by karma, sum effect of deeds, actions

Good karma, reincarnated to better station in life;

bad karma, lower station in life

Question 11

What do Hindus believe is the goal of human existence?

What is this?

Answer 11

Ultimate goal of human existence, moksha , escape from cycle of rebirth

Question 12

What happens in moksha?

Answer 12

With moksha, atman leaves world, reunites fully with Brahman

Question 13

How does one achieve moksha?

What is achieved with this?

Answer 13

To achieve moksha is to fulfill one’s dharma — spiritual duties, obligations

• By fulfilling dharma, one creates good karma, breaks free from rebirth cycle

Question 14

How did Hinduism beliefs survive to today?

Answer 14

Sacred texts and practices

Question 15

HInduism’s sacred text is the ________, which means ____________

Answer 15

VEDAS

Name means “knowledge”

Question 16

What do HIndus believe is contained in Vedas?

How old is the Vedas?

Answer 16

• Hindus consider Vedas to contain eternal knowledge not written by humans, revealed to them by Brahman
• 3,000 years old

Question 17

Some texts were called __________, that build upon Vedas

Answer 17

Upanishads

Question 18

How did these sacred texts come about?

Answer 18

Some, such as Upanishads, also believed to have been revealed rather than written by people

Question 19

What did these Upanishads reveal?

Answer 19

Upanishads, philosophical reflections on the Vedas, dealing with

nature of world, meaning of life

Question 20

How do Hindus meditate?

What is this exercise called?

Answer 20

To help meditate, Hindus practice series of integrated physical, mental exercises called yoga

Question 21

How does YOGA teach?

Answer 21

Yoga teaches people how to focus bodies, minds to aid meditation, help attain moksha

Question 22

Where do Hindus go for pilgrimages?

Why do they go on pilgrimages?

Answer 22

Hindus also make pilgrimages to Ganges River to purify, remove bad karma

Question 23

What is central to Jain teaching?

Answer 23

Central to Jain teaching, idea of ahimsa , nonviolence

Question 24

What else do Hindus practice?

What is this practice?

Answer 24

Most Hindus also practiced ahimsa, but not to same extent

• Avoid harming living creatures, are usually vegetarians