Chap 4.2 Slides Flashcards
One of the world’s oldest religions, __________, is practiced by most people in India today.
Hinduism
How did Hinduism evolve?
Hinduism evolved over thousands of years and as influenced by the cultures and traditions of many peoples. .
Hinduism believes in ____________.
What is this?
Belief in Brahman, eternal being that created, preserves world
Hindus believe each person has ________, a __________
Hindus believe each person has atman, soul.
Wha is the role of Atman?
Atman shapes personality, cannot be destroyed, even by death
Hindus believe in _________, manifestations of Brahman, who does ____________
Devas, manifestations of Brahman, active in world, helping maintain order in nature
Who were the 3 most influential devas?
Three devas- Brahma, Vish nu, Siva -are particularly influential.Some believe in
thousands; others worship only one.
What was the pattern of life that Hindus believe in?
Hindus believe universe, everyone in it, part of continual pattern of birth, death, and rebirth
According to Hindus, what happens after death?
After death atman reborn in process called reincarnation , or samsara
HIndus believe naure of person’s life is shaped by _____________.
What happens if it’s bad or good?
Nature of person’s new life shaped by karma, sum effect of deeds, actions
Good karma, reincarnated to better station in life;
bad karma, lower station in life
What do Hindus believe is the goal of human existence?
What is this?
Ultimate goal of human existence, moksha , escape from cycle of rebirth
What happens in moksha?
With moksha, atman leaves world, reunites fully with Brahman
How does one achieve moksha?
What is achieved with this?
To achieve moksha is to fulfill one’s dharma — spiritual duties, obligations
• By fulfilling dharma, one creates good karma, breaks free from rebirth cycle
How did Hinduism beliefs survive to today?
Sacred texts and practices
HInduism’s sacred text is the ________, which means ____________
VEDAS
Name means “knowledge”
What do HIndus believe is contained in Vedas?
How old is the Vedas?
- Hindus consider Vedas to contain eternal knowledge not written by humans, revealed to them by Brahman
- 3,000 years old
Some texts were called __________, that build upon Vedas
Upanishads
How did these sacred texts come about?
Some, such as Upanishads, also believed to have been revealed rather than written by people
What did these Upanishads reveal?
Upanishads, philosophical reflections on the Vedas, dealing with
nature of world, meaning of life
How do Hindus meditate?
What is this exercise called?
To help meditate, Hindus practice series of integrated physical, mental exercises called yoga
How does YOGA teach?
Yoga teaches people how to focus bodies, minds to aid meditation, help attain moksha
Where do Hindus go for pilgrimages?
Why do they go on pilgrimages?
Hindus also make pilgrimages to Ganges River to purify, remove bad karma
What is central to Jain teaching?
Central to Jain teaching, idea of ahimsa , nonviolence
What else do Hindus practice?
What is this practice?
Most Hindus also practiced ahimsa, but not to same extent
• Avoid harming living creatures, are usually vegetarians
