Chap. 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What are some factors linked to Mental Illness?

A
  • Family History,
  • Stressful Life Events,
  • Negative Early Life Experiences,
  • Socio-economic Status,
  • Trauma,
  • Climate Change,
  • Gut Health + Diet,
  • Sleep,
  • Sexuality,
  • Access to Medical Care,
  • Poverty (access to services, secure housing, food security, education/knowledge, cultural/social stigma + systemic discrimination),
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2
Q

Name some current world socio-cultural issues impacting mental health.

A
  • Shifting Geopolitical Landscapes: Social Media Wars & Propaganda/Ongoing Tensions between Different Cultures,
  • Economic Stability: Economic Crisis/ Lower Job Security/ Unemployment,
  • Urbanisation & Social Change: Higher living costs/ high levels of crime, discrimination, inequality + harassment/ lack green spaces/ social unrest,
  • Environment & Climate Change: Climate Change/ Harmful Substance Pollution/ Biodiversity loss,
  • Consumer Behaviour & Digitisation,
  • Technological Developments: Work Automation/ Remote Working/ Medical Advancements/ Digitisation & interconnectivity,
  • Ageing & Health: Higher burden providing care, substance abuse,
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3
Q

Why do women seek help more than men?

A

Toxic Masculinity & Gender roles ( A lot of pressure on the Woman).

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4
Q

What are the Main Social Inequalities linked to low Self-Rated Mental Health (SRMH)?

A
  • Housing,
  • Food Security,
  • Social Needs,
  • Education,
  • Employment,
  • Disability (visible/invisible),
  • Race,
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5
Q

Who are the people with higher risk of Mental Health Distress?

A
  • LGBTQ+ Youth,
  • Homeless,
  • Disabled People,
  • POC,
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6
Q

Is it True or False that Mental Health Struggle can also be due to Systemic Racism & Generational Trauma?

A

True.

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7
Q

What is the difference between Mental Health & Mental Illness?

A

Mental Health: similar to “Physical Health,” refers to state of well-being (emotions, feelings of connections to others, thoughts & feelings, being able to manage life’s highs and lows).

Mental Illness: disorder caused by interplay of genetics, biological, personality, & environmental factors.

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8
Q

What factors contribute to development of mental health condition?

A
  • Genetics,
  • Biology,
  • Violence,
  • Personality,
  • Environmental Factors,
  • Trauma,
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9
Q

What environmental factors impact mental health?

A
  • Access to safe & Affordable Housing,
  • Leisure Activities,
  • Access to Land & Nature,
  • Meaningful Education & Employment,
  • Support of Community,
  • Freedom from Violence,
  • Good Access to Health Care & Mental Health Services,
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10
Q

What systemic Inequalities can further increase risk & severity of Mental Health & Illness?

A
  • Racism,
  • Poverty,
  • Homelessness,
  • Discrimination,
  • Colonial,
  • Gender-Based,
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11
Q

What are the 4 types of Mental Health Stigma?

A
  • Self-Stigma: internalized negative attitudes & ideas that person maintains about oneself as result of their mental health condition,
  • Public Stigma: societal disapproval & discrimination faced by individuals w/ mental health cond. from public,
  • Stigma by Association: negative judgments & stereotypes individuals face due to Association w/ someone who has mental health cond.,
  • Systemic Stigma: Pervasive & institutionalized discrimination against peeps w/ mental health cond. w/in social systems, policies& institutions,
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12
Q

What are stereotypes that peeps w/ mental health cond. are falsely labeled w/?

A
  • Bad Hygiene,
  • Stubborn,
  • Weak,
  • Attention Seeking,
  • Dramatic,
  • Doesn’t Care,
  • Negative,
  • Lazy,
  • Unreliable,
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13
Q

Stress affects the Brain in what way?

A

Affects its size, its structure & how it functions right down to your genes.

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14
Q

Which stress hormone negatively impacts brain function?

A

Cortisol.

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15
Q

What can Chronic Stress Impair?

A

Learning, memory & ability to control stress.

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16
Q

What are some changes in the brain structure?

A
  • Brains DNA & Epigenetic Changes (affects genes which = expressed w/out directly changing genetic code),
  • Hypocampus connection deteriorates,
  • Shrinking of Prefrontal Cortex,
17
Q

Anxiety is a very ____ + ____ emotion in response to fear + uncertain threats.

A

Real & Normal.

18
Q

Which area of brain does anxiety originate?

A

Amygdala.

19
Q

What is the part of the brain = higher functioning + tries keeping anxiety chill?

A

Ventromedial Pre-Frontal Cortex.

20
Q

In what 3 sectors does Depression manifest itself and what are their symptoms?

A
  1. Feelings: constant sadness, anger, guilt, or hopelessness,
  2. Behaviours: social withdrawal, lack of energy, low motivation, poor concentration, sleep problems, significant changes in appetite,
  3. Thoughts: poor self-esteem, thoughts of suicide, loss of interest,
21
Q

What are known causes of Depression?

A
  • Changes to Hormones in Brain (Neurotransmitters),
  • Genetics,
  • Environmental: poverty, traumatic events, etc.