Chap 3:EMTE

Question 1

what’s the definition of AI? by the founder of the word

Answer 1

John mcarthy defines AI it as the science and engineering of making intelligent machines, especially intelligent computer programs

Question 2

AI

Answer 2

is the branch of computer science by which we can create intelligent machines which can behave like a human, think like a human and be able to make decisions.

Question 3

what is intelligence ? what is knowledge ? what is experience?

Answer 3

intelligence is the ability to acquire and apply knowledge
knowledge is the information acquired through experience
Experience is the knowledge gained through exposure

Question 4

what are AI based machines intended to do ?

Answer 4

they are intended to perceive their environment and take actions that optimize their level of success.

Question 5

what is intelligence composed of?

Answer 5

1. learning
2. reasoning
3. problem solving
4. perception
5. linguistic intelligence

Question 6

what is an AI system composed of ?

Answer 6

an agent and its environment
an agent is anything (human or robot) that can perceive its environment through sensors and act upon that environment through effectors.

Question 7

what is machine perception?

Answer 7

its the ability to use input from sensors (cameras, mics) to deduce aspects of the world , like computer vision.

Question 8

what are some high profile examples of AI?

Answer 8

autonomic vehicles
proving mathematical theorems
playing games(chess)
search engines (google)
online assistants (SIRI)

Question 9

What does AI deal with?

Answer 9

it deals with the area of developing computing systems that are capable of performing tasks that
humans are very good at, for example recognizing objects, recognizing and making sense of
speech, and decision making in a constrained environment.

Question 10

what is machine learning ?

Answer 10

its an advanced form of AI where the machine can learn as it goes rather having every action programmed by humans.

Question 11

what are neural networks ?

Answer 11

they are biologically inspired networks that extract features from the data in a hierarchical fashion.

Question 12

what is deep learning ?

Answer 12

its the filed of neural networks with several hidden layers.
it is also a machine learning technique that teaches computers to do what comes naturally to humans: learn by example.

Question 13

where can AI can be applied ?

Answer 13

1. transportation = self driven vehicles
2. home services and robots= vacuum cleaners and personal assistants and drones for package delivery
3. education=
4. public safety and security= cameras and drones for surveillance

Question 14

what are the goals of AI?

Answer 14

1. replicate human intelligence
2. building a machine which can perform tasks
3. crating some system which exhibit intelligent behavior , learn new things by itself , demonstrate , explain and can advise to its user.

Question 15

what disciplines does AI require to achieve intelligence

Answer 15

to achieve the intelligence factors for a machine , they use disciplines like :
sociology , maths, philosophy, biology , neuron science, psychology and computer science

Question 16

what are the advantages of AI?

Answer 16

1. high accuracy with fewer errors
2. high speed
3. high reliability
4. useful for risky areas
5. digital assistant
6. useful as a public utility

Question 17

what are the disadvantages of AI?

Answer 17

1. high cost
2. cant think out of the box
3. unemployment
4. no feelings and emotions
5. increase dependance on machines
6. no original creativity

Question 18

what are the levels of AI?

Answer 18

stage 1 rule based systems
stage 2 context awareness and retention
stage 3 domain specific expertise
stage 4 reasoning machines
stage 5 self aware systems / AGI
stage 6 artificial super intelligence
stage 7 singularity and transcendence

Question 19

what are the main types of AI?

Answer 19

there are 2 main types of AI:
1. type 1 which is based on the capabilities of AI
1. type 2 which is based on the functionality of AI

Question 20

what are the types of AI based on their capabilities?

Answer 20

1. Narrow AI
   2.General AI
   3.Strong AI

Question 21

what are the types of AI based on their functionality ?

Answer 21

1. Reactive machines
2. Limited memory
3. Theory of mind
4. Self awareness

Question 22

what are the 3 stages of intelligence or the cognitive process?

Answer 22

1. observe and input the information or data in the brain
2. interpret and evaluate the input that is received from the surrounding environment
3. make decisions as a reaction towards what you received as an input and interpreted and evaluated.

Question 23

why is it possible to map human thinking to AI components?

Answer 23

Because AI is the science of stimulating human thinking , it is possible to map the human thinking stages to the layers or components of AI systems.

Question 24

Map the 1st stage

Answer 24

In the first stage humans acquire information from their surroundings through human senses, such as hearing and sight senses. AI can do the same thing through sensors like voice recognition and visual imaging through the sensing layer.

Question 25

Map the 2nd stage

Answer 25

in the second stage humans interpret and evaluate the input data in the brain. That is represented by the interpretation layer for AI. they reason and think about the gathered input that is acquired by the sensing layer.

Question 26

Map the 3rd stage

Answer 26

in the third stage humans take action and make decisions. For AI the interacting layer performs the necessary tasks. for ex: robotic movement control

Question 27

what are the influencers or the reasons why AI is taking off now?

Answer 27

1. big data
2. cloud computing and API’s
3. Emergence of data science
4. advancements in computer processing speed and new chip architectures

Question 28

Big data

Answer 28

there is structures data and unstructured data
there has been advancements in computer processing speed and architectures and big data file systems.

Question 29

what is cloud computing

Answer 29

its the delivery of on demand services usually through the internet.
the services could be data analysis , social media , video storage.

Question 30

what are cloud platform capabilities

Answer 30

availability , scalability , accessibility , rapid deployment , flexible billing options, simpler operations and management.

Question 31

whats API

Answer 31

its a software intermediary that allows 2 applications to talk to each other. like a telegram link on facebook

Question 32

what are the most common AI platforms.

Answer 32

microsoft azure machine learning
tensorflow
google cloud prediction API

Question 33

what are the tools that AI developed to solve difficult problems in computer science ?

Answer 33

1. Search and optimization
2. Logic
   3.Probabilistic methods for uncertain reasoning
3. Classifiers and statistical learning methods
4. Neural networks
5. Control theory
6. Languages

Question 34

what are AI fundamental research areas ?

Answer 34

1. machine learning
2. natural language processing ( human natural learning and speech )
3. computer vision
4. business analytics

Question 35

where can we find NPL (natural language processing)?

Answer 35

1. machine translation
2. search engines such as google
3. spell checkers
4. natural language assistants such as siri
5. translation systems such as google translate
6. news digest such as yahoo

Question 36

what are the most important features of IOT?

Answer 36

1. AI
2. Connectivity
   3.Sensors
   4.Active engagement
3. Small device use