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NUR 231 Exam 2 > chap 29 > Flashcards

chap 29 Flashcards

1
Q

types of drug names

A
  • chemical
  • generic
  • trade
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2
Q

classification of drug

A
  • effect drug has on body
  • symptoms medication relieves
  • desired effect
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3
Q

medication forms

A

capsules, tablets, extended release, lotion, ointment, powder, syrup, inhalants, etc

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4
Q

pharmokinetics

A

study of movement of drugs within the body

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5
Q

4 processes of pharmokinetics

A
  • absorption
  • distribution
  • metabolism
  • excretion
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6
Q

in order for a medication to be considered therapeutic

A

must be absorbed, distributed to cells/tissues, and alter physiological function

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7
Q

factors that influence absorption

A
  • route of administration
  • ability to dissolve
  • blood flow to site
  • body surface area
  • lipid solubility
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8
Q

topical route

A

slowest rate

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9
Q

mucous membrane/respiratory tract route

A

quick rate

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10
Q

IV route

A

quickest rate

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11
Q

oral route

A
  • takes time
  • cheaper
  • pt prefers
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12
Q

when a site of administration requires high blood supply, ….

A

medication absorbs quickly

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13
Q

absorption

A

passage of meds into the bloodstream from the site of administration

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14
Q

distribution

A

drug molecules are transported throughout body to where they take action

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15
Q

distribution speed depends on

A
  • adequacy of blood circulation
  • protein binding
  • selectively permeable blood-brain barrier
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16
Q

metabolism

A

change of an active drug from its original form to an inactivated or new form

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17
Q

what is the primary site for drug metabolism

A

liver

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18
Q

what would happen if the liver was damaged and could not function properly

A

it would take longer to metabolize and can lead to toxicity

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19
Q

how much liquid is needed for proper excretion

A

8-9 cups a day

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20
Q

medication leave/excrete from body through

A
  • kidney
  • liver
  • bowel
  • lungs
  • exocrine glands
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21
Q

where do kidneys excrete most drugs?

A

through urine

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22
Q

with a decrease in renal function

A

increase risk of toxicity

23
Q

if a pt experiences a decrease in renal function, what should the nurse do

A

lower the dosage

24
Q

therapeutic effect

A

expected or desired outcome

25
Q

side effect

A

unavoidable secondary effects, predictable, mild, tolerated

26
Q

adverse effect

A

harmful effects that lead to injury

-some immediate, some take weeks/months to develop

27
Q

toxic effect

A

accumulation of medication in bloodstream

28
Q

allergic reaction

A

severe is anaphylaxis

29
Q

drug tolerance

A

body gets used to effects of a drug

-larger does required

30
Q

drug interaction

A

one medication modifies the action of another medication

31
Q

additive effect

A

drugs w/ similar actions results in an increase in the overall effect

32
Q

synergistic effect

A

combined effect of 2 or more meds is greater than the effect of meds given separately

33
Q

idiosyncratic reaction

A

overreaction, underreaction, or different reaction from most other pts

34
Q

antagonistic effect

A

combined drugs alter overall sum effect or negate each other’s effects

35
Q

interference

A

one drug interferes with the metabolism of another

36
Q

displacement

A

one drug binds to protein site and forces another drug to be displaced

37
Q

onset

A

time it takes for med to produce a response

38
Q

peak

A

time at which a med reaches its highest effective concentration

39
Q

trough

A

minimum blood serum concentration before next scheduled dose

40
Q

duration

A

time medication takes to produce greatest results

41
Q

in order to keep pt in therapeutic range

A

must administer medication around the clock

42
Q

oral

A

swallowed, buccal

43
Q

parenteral

A

epidural, IV, etc

44
Q

topical

A

skin, mucous membranes, eyes, ears

45
Q

standing or routine order

A

administered until the dosage is change or another med is prescribed

46
Q

PRN order

A

given when pt requires it

47
Q

single order

A

given one time only for a specific reason

48
Q

STAT order

A

given immediately in emergency, DROP EVERYTHING

49
Q

now order

A

when a medication is needed right away, a little wiggle room

50
Q

prescription order

A

medication to be taken outside of hospital

51
Q

6 rights of medication administration

A
  • right pt
  • right drug
  • right dose
  • right route
  • right time
  • right documentation
52
Q

nurses roles in med administration

A
  • determining if ordered med is correct
  • clarify confusion on medication orders
  • assess pt ability to self-administer
  • determine whether pt should receive
  • administer correctly
  • check order 3 times
  • closely monitor
  • provide pt teaching
  • do not delegate this task
53
Q

patients have the right to

A
  • be informed about med
  • refuse a med
  • have a medication history
  • be properly advised about experimental nature of medication
  • receive labeled medication safely
  • receive supportive therapy
  • not receive unnecessary meds
  • be informed if med is part of research study
54
Q

narcotics

A
  • must be counted by an oncoming shift nurse and an off-going nurse
  • any discrepancies notify the nursing supervisor immediately

NUR 231 Exam 2 (4 decks)

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