Chap. 2 Flashcards

Question 1

Q

The 2 parts of an earthquake are

Answer

A

surface waves 2. body waves

Question 2

Q

P waves

Answer

A

Compressional, first to arrive, move through solid liquid and gas

Question 3

Q

S wave

Answer

A

Shear, second to arrive, Solid

Question 4

Q

P wave shadow zones

Question 5

Q

S wave shadow zones

Question 6

Q

Model 1

Answer

A

Core, Mantle, Crust (1. continental 2. Oceanic)

Question 7

Q

Model 2

Answer

A

Lithosphere, Asthenosphere, Mesosphere, Outer Core, Inner Core

Question 8

Q

Lithosphere

Answer

A

Crust and upper mantle fused together

Question 9

Q

Asthenosphere

Answer

A

Deformable region in the mantle

Question 10

Q

Mesosphere

Answer

A

Solid lower mantle

Question 11

Q

Isostasy

Answer

A

buoyant support of lithosphere by asthenosphere

Question 12

Q

Moho

Answer

A

Layer between crust and mantle

Question 13

Q

Alfred Wagener

Answer

A

proposed the continental drift theory

Question 14

Q

Supercontinent

Question 15

Q

Single ocean

Answer

A

Panthalassa

Question 16

Q

Pangea break-up

Answer

A

200-250 million years ago

Question 17

Q

Pangea split to make

Answer

A

Laurasia and Gond

Question 18

Q

Wegeners evidence

Answer

A

Fit on continents
fossil distribution
ancient mountain belt 
matching rocks
patterns of glaciation

Question 19

Q

Harry Hess

Answer

A

Mantle convection (slab push & pull)

Question 20

Q

Subduction Zones

Answer

A

earthquakes
volcanoes
island Arc

Question 21

Q

Benioff Zone

Answer

A

Large & Deep earthquakes

Question 22

Q

subduction zone evidence

Answer

A

distribution of EQ epicenter
heat flow
sediment age & thickness
paleomagnetism

Question 23

Q

Paleomagnetism

Answer

A

Reversal of magnetic poles

magnetic stripes

Question 24

Q

Rift

Answer

A

sea floor spreading

Question 25

Q

Divergent

Answer

A

two Plates moving apart (mid-oceanic ridge)

Question 26

Q

Convergent

Answer

A

two plates moving together, one sinks under another (mantel)

Question 27

Q

Transform

Answer

A

two plates move in different directions parallel with each other

Question 28

Q

plate tectonic stages

Answer

A

up warping
Rift Valley
Linear Sea
Mid-ocean ridge

Question 29

Q

Convection

Answer

A

driven by heat in mantle

Question 30

Q

Rate of motion

Answer

A

1-20 cm/yr

Question 31

Q

Hotspots

Answer

A

where you have a volcano, then volcanic island, then seamount, then Guyot

Question 32

Q

Wilson Cycle

Answer

A

Initial continent 
Rifting 
ocean basin 
subduction
closing ocean basin
collision
new continent