chap. 1 Flashcards
Ancestors of the Polynesians spread from southeast Asia to….
Indonesia, New Guinea and Philippines 20,000 years ago
mid pacific started populating
2,500 years
Hawaii started populating about
450-600 A.D.
Polynesian colonization is an example of
Marine Science used to colonize a vast number of islands
In 1400s Chines navigators set out
Explored Indian ocean, Indonesia, Africa and Atlantic
In the 1400s Chines navigators created
Center Rudder, Water tight compartments, More than one sail per mast
Euro explored the world by sea during the
Renaissance
Henry the Navigator
Compiled detailed charts & explored west Africa
Christopher Columbus
Never saw mainland of US. but inspired others
Ferdinand Magellan
died in root, surviving crew circumnavigated, on 13 out of 260 survived after 3 years
James Cook
Commander in BR Navy, leader of the first voyage that combined science oceanography
James Cook accomplished
- Verification of calculations of planetary orbit
- Charting of New Zealand & Great Barrier reef
- Friendly with natives
- Sample of marine life
- Recording data ocean floor & geological formation
James Cook was killed in…
Hawaii
U.S. started expeditions in
1838
HMS Beagle
Charles Darwins voyage to south America and some pacific island
Challenger expedition
1872-1876 First ocean exploration for just science
Ben Franklin published
Chart of gulf Stream in 1779
Charles Darwin contribution
Coral reef studies 1809- 1882
Fridtjot Nanson
- Advances in tech
- first polar exploration
- crossed Greenland in 1888
- deep arctic ocean, trans-polar current
- no land just ice
- ice flows from 20-40 degrees right of the wind direction
- invented the reversing thermometer
Echo Sounder
Sends pulse to seafloor, measures depth
Chronometer
a mechanical device for keeping time dependent of ships motion. first made by john Arnold 1778 (tells longitude and latitudes)
