Chap. 18 vocab (adrenergic drugs)

Question 1

Adrenergic agonists

Answer 1

drugs that stimulate and mimic the actions of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS).

*Also called sympathomimetics

Question 2

adrenergic receptors

Answer 2

receptor sites for the sympathetic neurotransmitters norepinephrine and epniephrine

Question 3

alpha-adrenergic receptors

Answer 3

a class of adrenergic receptors that are further subdivided into alpha1 and alpha2 adrenergic receptors

Question 4

autonomic functions

Answer 4

bodily functions that are involuntary and result from the physiologic activity of the ANS. functions: often occur in pairs of opposing actions between the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS

Question 5

ANS

Answer 5

branch of peripheral NS that controls autonomic bodily functions. consists of sympathetic NS and parasympathetic NS

Question 6

beta-adrenergic receptors

Answer 6

receptors located on postsynaptic cells that are stimulated by specific autonomic nerve fibers. Beta1-adrenergic receptors are located primarily in the heart, Beta2-adrenergic receptors are located in the smooth muscle fibers of the bronchioles, arterioles and visceral organs

Question 7

catecholamines

Answer 7

substances that can produce a sympathomimetic response. either endogenous catecholamines (epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine) or synthetic catecholamine drugs (dobutamine)

Question 8

dopaminergic receptors

Answer 8

third type of adrenergic receptor located in various tissues and organs and activated by the binding of the neurotransmitter dopamine, which can be either endogenous or a synthetic form

Question 9

mydriasis

Answer 9

pupillary dilation, whether natural (physiologic) or drug induced

Question 10

opthalmics

Answer 10

drugs that are used in the eyes

Question 11

positive chronotropic effect

Answer 11

increase in heart rate

Question 12

positive dromotropic effect

Answer 12

increase in the conduction of cardiac electrical impulses through the atrioventricular mode, which results in the transfer of nerve action potentials from the atria to the ventricles.

ultimately leads to a systolic heartbeat (ventricular contraction)

Question 13

positive inotropic effect

Answer 13

increase in the forces of contraction of the heart muscle

Question 14

sympathomimetics

Answer 14

drugs used therapeutically that mimic the catecholamines epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine.

*also called adrenergic agonists

Question 15

synaptic cleft

Answer 15

space either between two adjacent nerve cell membranes or between a nerve cell membrane and an effector organ cell membrane (also called synapse)