Chap 13 Flashcards
The five countries that built large maritime empires between 1450-1750
Spanish, portuguese, British, French, and Dutch
Why were the Europeans distinctive?
The conquered territories lay an ocean from the imperial heartland, rather than adjacent to it.
What are some advantages Europeans had and taking colonies in Americas (with the Aztec and in Inco in participation)
They were closer than any potential Asian competitors in the fix winds blew steadily in the same direction. European innovations in map making, navigation, sailing techniques and ship design enable them to penetrate the Atlantic ocean. There’s states in trading companies enabled the effective mobilization of both human immaterial resources their ironworking technology, and gunpowder weapons and horses initially had no parallel in the Americas. Divisions within but most significantly where are their germs and diseases that decimated society after society
Approximately what percentage of the Native American population died after being exposed to these diseases
90%
What were the effects of a little Ice Age in Eurasia and the Americas
Shorter growing seasons and less hospital weather conditions adversely affected food population and religions across the globe. Eurasia in the Americas experience record or near record-breaking cold winters during this period. Too much rainfall in Europe ruin crops wild routes ruined crops like in China all due to extreme conditions. Uprisings, widespread, families, epidemics, and wars in which millions perished. Collapse of the ming dynasty in China, constant warfare in Europe and Civil War in Mughal India and occurred during this general crisis
What two groups of people’s became the labor force in the Americas after the Native American population was destroyed by diseases
Colonizing Europeans and enslaved Africans
What Crops traveled from Europe and went to the Americas
Wheat, rice, sugarcane, grapes, garden veggies and fruits, and numerous weeds. Some animals that transported were pigs, cattle, goats, and sheep
What food crops traveled from the Americas to Europe
Corn, potatoes, and cassava
What food crops traveled from the Americas to China
Corn, peanuts, and sweet potatoes
What food crops traveled from the Americas to Africa
Corn, peanuts, and cassava
What many other things that were being exchange ground around the world
Tobacco and chocolate, tea, coffee, soap, porcelain
Which mines field both trans Atlantic and transpacific commerce was the resource that was used to create the First global economy
Silver
What a comic foundation for this emerging Colonial society lay
Commercial agriculture and silver and gold mining’s
What was at the bottom of the Spanish colonial society
Indigenous people, europeans also known as indians
What was the dominant export of colonies in Brazil in the Caribbean
Sugar
Why was sugar produced on large scale plantations
It was very large labor-intensive and was more profitable on a large scale
What was the irony of modern history of the Americas
The reversal of a long establish relationships between the northern and southern continents the major counters laying Mesoamerica wealth, power, commerce, and innovation. Meanwhile the drags worth America became more politically stable, more demographic, more economy least successful, and more internationally powerful and the 19th and 20th centuries then a divided, unstable, and much less prosperous Latin America
What are two things the Russians demand from there Concord peoples
An oath of allegiance by which native people swore “internal submission To the grand tsar” and Yasak or “tribute” Paid in cash or in kind
How was Peter the Great westernized by Russia
Best administrative changes, the enlargement System for the sons of no woman, and it doesn’t of manufacturing Enterprises. No woman were to dress in European styles and shave there sacred beards
Why does Russia struggle with an identity problem
Because being a European state and Christian state was also an Asian power. Christian or Muslim.
Why was Russian Empire building different from the empire building of Britain and spain
The Russians absorbed adjacent territories and they didn’t so at the same time and that a modern Russian state was taking shape
How were the Asian empires during this era different from the empires being built in the Americas and russia
None of these empires have the global reach or a world wide impact of Europe’s American colonies, they were regional rather than global in scope
What dynasty replace the ming dynasty in China? Where was it rulers from
China is qing Or manchn Dynasty under took the ming dynasty
What was the motivation for Chinese expansion during this era
“Unification” Of the peoples of central eurasia within a Chinese state
How did the Chinese and Russian con quest and Eurasia change the way that region interacted with the world in trade
It had Become the backward and improverished Region known to the 19th and 20th century observers in land-based commerce had taken a backseat to oceanic trade
What was the true religion of the rulers of them mughal dynasty? What was the religion of the majority of the people living in Indy at the time?
Mughal Dynasty Muslim included about 20% of the population in India the rest practice some form of Hinduism
How did the women’s rulers change and stay the same as the turns converted to Islam?
Retained their social power they had enjoyed the pastoral societies, islamic law gave them important property Right as well as legal rituals in regards to marriage divorce and in heritance
Why was the Ottomans in conflict with the Persian based Safavid empire
The divisions between the Shia and the sunni versions of islams
