15 Flashcards
When was christianity largely limited to europe
Mordern era
In 1500 where did christdom stretch from
Spain to England and west Russia
What began in 1517 When priest Martin Luther publicly invited debate about the various abuses within the Roman catholic church selling indulgences, corruption, immortality of some
The reformation
Who is Martin Luther
Talked about the new understandings to salvation, only through faith alone. Faith as a free gift
What was religious authority to luther
It was not the teachings of the church, the Bible loan interpreted according to its owns conscience. Luther provoked massive schism, and social tensions as well as religious differences.
What happened with the invention of the printing press
Reformation thinking speed quickly within and beyond germany
What was the 30 year war
A Catholic protestant struggle that began in the holy Roman empire but eventually engulfed most of Europe. Destructive for 15 to 30% German population died
What was the Catholic Church set about
Correcting abuses and corruption such as emphasis and educating priests and supervision by bishops. Also crack down on descendants which included center set of books, phones, exile, penitence and occasionally burning heretic
What were new england puritans
Planted a distant protestant version of Christianity in North America with an emphasis on education, Moral Purity, and a little tolerance for competing faiths.
What did Christianity represent
Major cultural transition in Latin America
What happen when China encountered Christianity between the 16th and the 18th century
There was no political independence or cultural integrity threatened by European missionaries
China
Strong, independent and confident. Europeans need permission of Chinese authority to operate
How were jesuits respectful of Chinese confidence
Pointing out the parallels between Confucianism and Christianity
What did the forms of religious of ideas and practices do
Accompanied slaves to the Americas found a place in the Africanized versions of Christianity
Syncretic
Religious such as vudou in Haiti,santeria in cuba, candombe and macumba in brazil persisted
What was the most well-known of the Islamic renewal movements
Arabia under Islamic scholar Mohammed IBN ABD AL-wahhab
What was the wahhabi movement
Took new turn in 1740s and offending tombs were raised “idols” were eliminated, Books on logic destroyed, use of tobacco, Harhish and musical instruments for bidden
What did Chyna do during the ming dynasty is continuing
Operate broadly within a can fusion network, and enriched now by the insights of Buddhism in daoism to generate a new system of thought call me a confucianism
Several significant cultural the Parcher’s took shape in early modern era that brought Hindus and Muslims together in a
New form of religious expression
What was within popular culture
The floor is seeing of devotional form of Hinduism known as BHAKTI
Those who are partially at odds with traditional Christian teachings and makers of Europe’s scientific revolution
A vast intellectual and cultural transfer motions that took place between the mid 16th and 18th centuries
What did the man of science no longer rely authority of
The Bible, the church, the speculation of ancient philosophers, or received wisdom of cultural tradition
What did oxford, Cambridge, and Salamanca become
“Neutral zones of intellectual autonomy” where scholars could pursue their studies with relative freedom. Most of the major figures in the scientific revolution had been trained in and were affiliated with these universities
Why was the scientific revolution revolutionary
It fundamentally challenged this understanding of the universe
Who was Adam Smith
Formulated laws that accounted for the operation of the economy
What was enlightenment thinking
Directed against the superstition, Ignorance, and corruption of established religion
Who was Charles Darwin
Laid complex argument that all life was constant Change, struggle for survival that generating new species while other became extinct
What did sigmund do
Applied scientific techniques to operation of human mind and emotions and in doing so cast further doubt on enlightenment conception of human rationality. Primal impulses toward sexuality and aggression derived from civilization
European mathematics
Was of interest to researchers who were exploring Chinese mathematics, Chinese scholars assimilated ideas with their own terms
What happened in the mid 19th century
Japan was forcibly opened to western penetration, would european style science assume prominent place in japanese culture
Ottoman empire
And the 16th and 17th centuries was an independent, powerful, successful society his intellectual elites so no need for a wholesale embrace of things European.
They focused on making maps in calendars
Western Hemisphere
Solidly incorporated into christendom
A wahhabi version of islam Remains official faith of Saudi Arabia In the 20th century and has influenced many contemporary islamic revival movements including
Al-Qaeda
File Chinese
More interested in a map making in mathematics than Western medicine, while Japanese scholars became fascinated with anatomical work of Dutch. Neither adopted Christianity and a widespread matter
The pace of global cultural borrowing and it’s associate intentions stepped up even more as Europe’s modern transformation unfolded in the 19th century and it’s
Imperial Reach extended independent around the world
