Chap 12 shoulder girdle

Question 1

The shoulder girdle contains

Answer 1

sternum, clavical, scapula, sternoclavicular joint, acromioclavicular joint, scapulothoracic joint

Question 2

glenohumeral joint contains

Answer 2

glenoid fossa of scapula and head of humerus

Question 3

elevation

Answer 3

scapula moves superiorly

Question 4

depression

Answer 4

scapula moves inferiorly

Question 5

protraction

Answer 5

scapula moves away from the vertebral

Question 6

retraction

Answer 6

scapula moves toward the vertebral

Question 7

upward rotation

Answer 7

rotation of the inferior angle laterally and superiorly

Question 8

downward rotation

Answer 8

rotation of the inferior angle medially and inferiorly

Question 9

scapular tilt

Answer 9

rotation of the inferior angle posteriorly

Question 10

scapular winging

Answer 10

movement of the medial border posteriorly

Question 11

plane of the scapula is approximately … forward of the frontal plane

Answer 11

30 degrees

Question 12

what is the rule for scapulohumeral rhythm

Answer 12

2 degrees of shoulder abduction to 1 degree of scapular upward rotation, 2:1

Question 13

What are the advantages of scapulohumeral rhythm

Answer 13

avoids contact of greater tubercles of humerus with acromion process and smaller arthrokenematic motion within the glenohumeral joint are required as the humeral head rotates within the shallow glenoid fossa

Question 14

sternoclavicular joint

Answer 14

between manubrium and clavicle, synovial, only attachment of upper extremity to axial skeleton, triaxial, little osteokenematic motion due to length of lever arm

Question 15

movements of the SC

Answer 15

elevation/depression - frontal plane, sagittal axis
protraction/retraction - horizontal plane, vertical axis
rotation - sagittal plane, frontal axis
only the clavicle moves

Question 16

posterior sternoclavicular ligament

Answer 16

limits anterior motion of clavicle during retraction

Question 17

anterior sternoclavicular ligament

Answer 17

limits posterior motion of the clavicle during protraction

Question 18

costoclavicular ligament

Answer 18

inferior surface of clavicle to superior surface of Costal cartilage of 1st rib
limits elevation

Question 19

interclavicular ligament

Answer 19

connects superior medial ends of clavicle
limits depression

Question 20

acromioclavicular joint

Answer 20

acromion of scapula an lateral en of clavicle
synovial
glide joint thus minimal motion

Question 21

acromioclavicular ligament

Answer 21

connects lateral end of clavicle to acromion of scapula

Question 22

coracoclavicular ligament

Answer 22

connects superior surface of coracoid process to inferior lateral end of clavicle
limits posterior motion and rotation of scapula

Question 23

coracoacromial ligament

Answer 23

roof over head of humerus
connects lateral superior surface of coracoid process and inferior surface of acromion
protects head of humerus by limiting superior motion of humeral head when upward force is transmitted along humerus

Question 24

upper traps

Answer 24

O - occipital protuberance, nuchal line, spinous of cervical
I - clavical, acromion
A - scapular elevation, upward rotation, retraction, capital and cervical extension, lateral flexion
N - spinal accessory, C3 and C4

Question 25

Middle traps

Answer 25

O - spinous process of C7 - T3 I - acromion and spine of scapula A - scapular retraction, upward rotation N - spinal accessory, C3 and C4

Question 26

lower traps

Answer 26

O - spinous process of T4-T12 I - base of spine of scapular A - scapular depression, upward rotation, retraction N - accessory, C3 and C4

Question 27

Levator Scapula

Answer 27

O - Transverse C1-C4 I - vertebral border between superior angle and spine of scapula A - scapular elevation, downward rotation lateral flexion when scapula is stabilized N - C3, C4, C5

Question 28

Rhomboid

Answer 28

O - spinous of C7-T5 I - vertebral border between inferior angle and base of spine A - Scapular retraction, elevation, downward N - C5

Question 29

serratus anterior

Answer 29

O - lateral surface of 1st-8th rib I - vertebral border of scapula, anterior surface A - scapular protraction and upward rotation, elevates thoracic cage when girdle is stabilized, accessory muscle of inhalation N - long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7)

Question 30

Pectoralis minor

Answer 30

O - anterior surface, 3-5 rib I - coracoid process of scapula A - scapular depression, protraction, downward rotation, tilt, elevates cage when girdle is stable, accessory muscle for inhalation N - medial pectoralis nerve (C8, T1)

Question 31

What force couple produces upward rotation of the scapula

Answer 31

upper trapezius, lower trapezius, serratus anterior

Question 32

What force couple produces downward rotation of the scapula

Answer 32

rhomboids, pectoralis minor, levator scapulae

Question 33

acromioclavicular separation

Answer 33

separation of the articulation of the acromion process and clavicle

Question 34

clavicular fractures

Answer 34

results from imposition of of upward forces through the upper extremity

Question 35

winging

Answer 35

serratus anterior is too weak to keep the scapula close to the rib cage