CHAP 12

Question 1

Process in which a living membrane expands energy to move substances across

Answer 1

Active transport

Question 2

Equation resulting from applying conservation of energy to an incompressible frictionless fluid: P + ½pv² + pgh = constant, through the fluid

Answer 2

Bernoulli’s equation

Question 3

Bernoulli’s equation applied at constant depth: P1 + ½pv1² = P2 + ½pv2²

Answer 3

Bernoulli’s principle

Question 4

Transport of any molecules other than the water through a semipermeable membrane from a region to a high concentration to one of low concentration

Answer 4

Dialysis

Question 5

Movement of substances due to random thermal molecular motion

Answer 5

Diffusion

Question 6

Abbreviated Q, it is the volume V that flows past a particular point during a time t, or Q = V/t

Answer 6

Flow rate

Question 7

Physics of fluids in motion

Answer 7

Fluid dynamics

Question 8

Type of fluid flow in which layers do not mix

Answer 8

Laminar

Question 9

Unit of volume, equal to 10-³ m³

Answer 9

Liter

Question 10

Transport of water through a semipermeable membrane from a region of high concentration to one of low concentration

Answer 10

Osmosis

Question 11

Back pressure which stops the osmotic process if one solution is pure water

Answer 11

Osmotic pressure

Question 12

Rate of laminar flow of an incompressible fluid in tube: Q= ( P2-P1) πr⁴/8nl

Answer 12

Poiseuille’s law

Question 13

Resistance to laminar flow of an incompressible fluid in tube: R = 8nl/πr⁴

Answer 13

Poiseuille’s law for resistance

Question 14

Back pressure which stops the osmotic process if neither solution is pure water

Answer 14

Relative osmotic pressure

Question 15

Process that occurs when back pressure is sufficient to reverse the normal direction of dialysis through membranes

Answer 15

Reverse dialysis

Question 16

Process that occurs when back pressure is sufficient to reverse the normal direction of osmosis through membranes

Answer 16

Reverse osmosis

Question 17

Dimensionless parameter that can reveal whether a particular flow is laminar or turbulent

Answer 17

Reynolds number

Question 18

Type of membrane that allows only certain small molecules to pass through

Answer 18

Semipermeable

Question 19

Speed at which the viscous drag of an object falling in a viscous fluid is equal to the other forces acting on the object (such as gravity) , so that the acceleration of the object is zero

Answer 19

Terminal speed

Question 20

Fluid flow in which layers mix together via eddies and swirls

Answer 20

Turbulence

Question 21

Friction in a fluid, defined in terms of the friction between layers

Answer 21

Viscosity

Question 22

Resistance force exerted on a moving object, with a nontrivial dependence on velocity

Answer 22

Viscous drag