Chap 11

Question 1

Phosphorus 
1- physio funct
2- Enzym cofactors 
3-Deficiency symptoms 
4- Sources

Answer 1

1- Structural components of bone, teeth, cell mbre, phospholipid, nucleic acid, ATP ADP phosphate..
2- Active many enzyme in phosphorylation
3- Neuromuscular, skeletal, hematologic, cardiac manifestation, Ricket , osteomalacia
4- Meat, poultry, fish, egg, milk, nut, legume, grain, cereals

Question 2

Interaction between Ca & Nutrient / substance
1-Nutrients/ Substance Enhancing Ca absorption
2-Nutrients/ Substance inhibiting Ca absorption

Answer 2

1- Vit D, sugar and sugar alcohol

2- Fiber, phytic acid, oxalic acid, excessive divalent cation (Zinc, Mg)

Question 3

Metabolism & absorption of Ca

Answer 3

1- low blood Ca stimulates the the Thyroid gland to release parathyroid hormone (PTH) into the blood
2-PTH binds to cell receptor and trigger thre resorption or breakdown of bone mineral for the release of Ca into the blood
3- PTH stimulate kidney to for calcitriol ( Vit D)

Question 4

Fuction of Ca

Answer 4

• Bone mineralization
• Blood clotting
• Muscle contraction
• Enzyme activity

Question 5

Bone mineral distribution

Answer 5

-Ca bone 99% soft tissues

Question 6

Enzymes regulated by Ca ∧/ or Calmodulin

Answer 6

• Glycogen synthase
• Pyruvate Carboxylase
• Pyruvate dehydrogenase

Question 7

Calcium
1- physio funct
2- Enzym cofactors 
3-Deficiency symptoms 
4- Sources

Answer 7

1- Structural bones and teeth component - role in cellular process, muscle contraction, blood clotting, Enzyme activation
2-Adenylate, cyclase, kinase,..
3- Ricket, osteomalacia, osteoporosis, tetany
4- Milk, clams, legumes, dried fruit