Chaoter 10 Notes from presentation

Question 1

Alleles

Answer 1

alternate forms of a gene for a single trait

Question 2

unit characteristics

Answer 2

factors which occur in pairs and cause a specific trait

Question 3

segregation

Answer 3

when gametes are formed, one gene of each pair for a trait goes to each gamete

Question 4

self pollination

Answer 4

pollen fertilizes pistil of the same flower

Question 5

cross pollination

Answer 5

using pollen from one flower to fertilize another flower

Question 6

first filial

Answer 6

generation (F1) offspring of a known cross pollination (kids)

Question 7

second filial

Answer 7

generation (F2) offspring resulting from self-pollination of the F1 plants (grandkids)

Question 8

phenotype

Answer 8

the expression of an organism’s genes

Question 9

allele

Answer 9

a pair of genes which has equivalent positions on homologous chromosomes

Question 10

genotype

Answer 10

the specific genes of an organism

Question 11

homozygous

Answer 11

both alleles being the same

Question 12

heterozygous

Answer 12

both alleles being not the same

Question 13

dihybrid crosses

Answer 13

deals with two characteristics (sets of alleles) at the same time (4 alleles involved)

Question 14

intermediate inheritance

Answer 14

mixed genotype results in a third phenotype

Question 15

locus

Answer 15

place on a chromosome where a particulat gene is located

Question 16

polygenic inheritance

Answer 16

a single characteristic determined by more than one gene

Question 17

multiple alleles

Answer 17

there can be more than two alleles on one gene

Question 18

How many genes make up one trait

Answer 18

many genes make up one trait

Question 19

how many alleles can one gene have

Answer 19

each gene can have many alleles

Question 20

where are genes located

Answer 20

genes are located on chromosomes

Question 21

genetic linkage

Answer 21

the tendency for the alleles on one chromosome to be inherited togther

Question 22

dominant

Answer 22

allele that will mask a recessive (R)

Question 23

recessive

Answer 23

allele that is masked (r)

Question 24

Codominance

Answer 24

When 2 alleles don’t blen together but both show together like in A B blood type, its called

Question 25

heredity

Answer 25

Transmission of characteristics from parents to offspring

Question 26

Genetics

Answer 26

Is the the study of how characteristics are passed on from one generation to the next

Question 27

Phenotype

Answer 27

The apperance of an organism is its

Question 28

Another name for heterozygous

Answer 28

hybrid is another name for

Question 29

Dominant

Answer 29

An allele that masks the presence of another allele

Question 30

Incomplete Dominance

Answer 30

Red and wihite flowers producing pink offspring is an example of what

Question 31

A recessive gene is represented by what?

Answer 31

Lower case letter represents a recessive gene

Question 32

What phenotypic ratio would you expect to see in offspring from a monohybrid cross of two heterzygous parents

Answer 32

3:1 Dominanr: Recessive

Question 33

Alleles

Answer 33

are different gene choices for a trait

Question 34

A dominant gene is represented by a .................... letter.

Answer 34

Capital

Question 35

When a heterozygous individual shows a blending of two allels insted of one being dominant over the other its called

Answer 35

Incomplete Dominance

Question 36

When both the alleles in the pair are the same the organism is

Answer 36

homozygous or pure

Question 37

What phenotype ratio is a clue that there has been a dyhbrid cross between two heterozygous parents

Answer 37

9:3:3:1

Question 38

R=red flwers r=white flowers | An Rr organism would have _________ flowers if this trait was completely domonant

Answer 38

An Rr organism would have RED flowers if this trait was completely domonant

Question 39

R=red flwers r=white flowers | An Rr organism would have _________ flowers if this trait was incompletely domonant

Answer 39

An Rr organism would have pink flowers if this trait was incompletely domonant

Question 40

R=red flwers r=white flowers | An Rr organism would have _________ flowers if this trait was codominant domonant

Answer 40

An Rr organism would have both red and white flowers if this trait was codominant domonant

Question 41

What are Mendel's 2 laws of heredity

Answer 41

Law of Segregation | Law of Independent Assortment

Question 42

The offspring of the P1 generation are called the generatio

Answer 42

The offspring of the P1 generation are called the F1 generation

Question 43

TRUE or FALSE | A person with type O blood could be a blood donor for a person with type AB blood.

Answer 43

true, type O is the universal donor

Question 44

When both alleles in the pair are DIFFERENT the organism is ________ or ________

Answer 44

When both alleles in the pair are DIFFERENT the organism is heterozygous or hybrid

Question 45

A cross that involves only 1 trait is called a what kind of cross?

Answer 45

A cross that involves only 1 trait is called a monohybrid cross

Question 46

``` T = Tall t = short ``` The genotype of the offspring from the cross at the right is _________. Their phenotype is _________.

Answer 46

The genotype of the offspring from the cross at the right is Tt. Their phenotype is tall.