changing views over time Flashcards
First performance
1611
-Ariel, the role would be assumed by a boy player
-Caliban becomes trinculos subordinate, and emphasis is on the comical (Davenant-Dryden-shadwell)
17th century
Caliban; PEPYS’S diary entry describes caliban as a monster which infers caliban was presented as deformed
Ariel: RAVENAND DRYDEN production Ariel appears accompanied by a female sprite -Milcha
18th centry ariel
-Ariel played by a woman, beginning of the restoration
19th century Ariel
Ariel, performed by Priscilla Horton, flies in a fairy costume on wire , singing enchantedly
1900-1950
Ariel and caliban portrayed as opposites to each other, in size, attitude, colour and sex
-Ariel is loyal female, white creature of the air, happy to please her master
-caliban is dark and earthly, many, and a creature of the earth
1970 Ariel
Noman Beatons Ariel, a lordly African colonised by European prospero, impatient for independence
1998Ariel
Adrian nobel
-Fredian interpretation
-presentes Ariel and caliban as elemental conjured from prosperos sub conscience, this was indicated through costume design
-Ariel covered in white body paint
-Caliban covered in black slime
-representing different aspects of proposers phsyche
2016 Ariel
RSC production with cgi ariel , dramatic affects
1890 Caliban
FRANK BENSON
-he spend hours watching monkeys in the zoo to portray caliban as the ‘missing link’
-Caliban the missing link in the Darwin evolutionary chain (between pea and humanss)
1970 Caliban and Ariel
-Jonathon Millers Mermaid theatre
-post colonial viewpoint
- Two West Indian actors were cast to play Ariel and caliban
Ariel was a educated slave, ready t take control when the colonists left, while caliban was a uneducated field slave
-bot caliban and Ariel are black
21st century caliban
-Caliban represents any oppressed group
NEW YORK: punk rocker
LOS ANGELIES: American indian
1978 Griego Strehler
- the play is seen as a metaphor for the theatre, prospero is stage manager who dominates the precedings
2010 film adaptation
‘female prospero played by Helen mirren
-holds a right wing feminist position, which links the masculine sexualisation of the female body with moral corruption
restoration and 18th century , Davenant and Dryden
-1670
-tried to appeal to upper classes by emphasising realist political and social ideas
-more emphasis on the comedic
-emphasis on music
-mutes emphasis on revenge and villains express unprompted guilt over their actions towards prospero (divine rights of kings)
restoration and 18th century , Shadwell
-1674
-made prospero into an over bearing father only concerned with miranda virginity
-Ariel played by woman, becomes an extremely good singer and dancer, with little character depth
-caliban played by actors known for their awkward comedy
restoration and 18th century, Garrick
-1750
-with music lauded by composers
-more akin to musical comedy then drama poetry
-caliban cut to oe short scene and never onstage with prospero or miranda
-tries to rally for nationalism
victorian era
-aided by ‘pectoral movement’, feature lavish sets and spectacle . the text was often cut to make room for set changes
-emphasised masque and marriage
victorian era, Charles kean
-1857
-140 stagehands for total spectacle
-used a large ship on a truck
-invisible orchestra accompanied all stages of the play
-massive cuts to Miranda and Ferdinand ,eating and exposition but comedic subplot remained untouched
modern era johanthon miller
-1970
-first version in Britain to aknowlage colonial themes
-Graham crowded as a white Prospero held imperial power over a black caliban and Ariel
-Ariel a lordly african bought low by white coloniser, Ariel impatient for independence
-focusses on reality so does away with aerials spectacle , almost more historical play
-Ariel picks up prosperous staff at the end of the play as a prelude to assume control of the island
-
Modern era , Michael boys
-2002
-prosperos staff the branch of a tree to show power of nature
-Malcom store plays a ferocious prospero softened to compassion by the end
-nobles show savagery in feast as they devour it like beats
modern era, David Thacker
-1995
-propsperos power emphasised as he is constantly on stage , seated with book infront of him
modern era, sam mendes
-1993
-stresses ariels power as when given his freedom by prospero he spits in his face then retreates back to liberty
-rebellious miranda threatens her father
-terrifying muscular caliban
modern era, Dvid Farr
-2012
-baroque style of masque
-areil and prospero played by very similar looking actors, Ariel seems to represent the beneficent , ethereal side to prosperos worldly harshness
- prosper very affectionate to ariels at his unprompted charity, he even cries
-focusses on emotional vulnerability in prospero
