Changing Places Flashcards by Emma PAYNE

Eastleigh endogenous factors - Location

South-east UK, Hampshire, multiple local large cities, major motorways and airports close

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Eastleigh endogenous factors - history

Arrival of railway lines in 1830s/40s
Manufacturing of carriages in 1890, expanding the population
Deindustrialisation from 1950-2000s

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Eastleigh endogenous factors - Physical geography and topography

Wide floodplain with flat relief
Soil is mostly brickearth
16m above sea level

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Eastleigh endogenous factors - Land use

36% built upon with good transport links of M27/M3

49% farmland but posing a conflict due to expansion of house building

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Eastleigh endogenous factors - built environment

1881 - only 3 streets
1920s - first council houses
Onward expansion e.g. North Stoneham Park will provide 1100 homes

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Eastleigh endogenous factors - infrastructure

1838: railway built
1910: airport opens
1972: M27 built
1995: M3 connected to M27
Lots of schools, 2 colleges, hospitals near

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Eastleigh endogenous factors - social demographics

Population 30,000 
3 wards
82% employed
90% white British
Majority C1 social grade

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Eastleigh endogenous factors - economic characteristics

Secondary sector: opened in late 1800s with railway, closed in late 1900s
Tertiary sector: building of Swan Centre in 1989
Hi-tech manufacturing jobs: Prysmian MNC moved in 2000s

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Eastleigh exogenous factors - flow of people

60% of migrants are from the EU

Lots of young professions with no kids use Eastleigh to commute elsewhere

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Eastleigh exogenous factors - flow of capital

Private and public investment into the Swan Centre, Places Leisure and infrastructure

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Eastleigh exogenous factors - flow of resources

Construction resources for house building

Mineral resources for cable manufacturing (Prysmian)

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Eastleigh exogenous factors - flow of ideas

Point theatre provides culture
The Sorting Office provides art
Vue Cinema for productions

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Social inequalities in Eastleigh - central ward

Average house price £180,000
45% privately rented 
Access to transport so no cars
Mostly young families and migrants
In middle-lowest 20% deprivation

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Social inequalities in Eastleigh - north ward

Average house price £400,000
80% owner occupied 
Use cars
Lots of families
In top 20% of least deprivation

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Eastleigh external agents of change - government policies

Acquired the Ageas Bowl
Built Places Leisure
M&S foodhall
Updating of M27 links

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Eastleigh external agents of change - MNCs

Ageas opened UK HQ in 2002

Prysmian based UK HQ

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Eastleigh external agents of change - international institutes

The Sorting Office was updated by investment from an EU programme to develop artistic involvement

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Lived experiences in Eastleigh - M&S corporate view

Sought after location
Good for commuting
Investment has transformed the town

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Lived experiences in Eastleigh - Hampshire life magazine

Reputation of “beastly Eastleigh”

Undergoing metamorphism into a hub of contemporary arts

Lived experiences in Eastleigh - blog insider view

Clone town
Chav minority
Depends on who you mix with

Lived experiences in Eastleigh - Bill Bryson’s outsider view

Unmemorable
Not dead but not thriving
Lots of coffee and charity shops

Eastleigh place meaning

Railway man sculpture: celebrates British history

Charlotte Yonge statue: novelist who have money to charities and was asked to name the merge of Barton and Eastley -> Eastleigh

Eastleigh re-imaging

Market town promotion: received a £600,000 facelift to improve area. Increased footfall and traders due to the regeneration efforts

Torquay endogenous factors - location

South-west UK, Devon, Exeter is closest large city

Torquay endogenous factors - history

Fishing and agriculture = main occupations Seaside resort in 1800s when Navy stayed 1902 = first advert

Torquay endogenous factors - physical geography and topography

Sheltered from winds so milder temp of 13C Sandy beaches Hilly

Torquay endogenous factors - land use

44% built upon - will increase with more buildings like luxury hotel in the harbour 34% farmland - supports local community

Torquay endogenous factors - built environment

Wide variation in houses Tormohun = flats Along coast = large houses Tourist and residential areas split

Torquay endogenous factors - infrastructure

``` Linked to M5 by A30 2 railway stations Near 2 airports 5 secondary schools 1 large hospital ```

Torquay endogenous factors - social demographics

Population of 66,000 90% white British Ageing pop = retire there

Torquay endogenous factors - economic characteristics

Tertiary sector - 20% people involved in tourism Average pay £100 less than average per week D-E social class

Torquay exogenous factors - flow of people

15-19yrs move out for education or employment elsewhere | Tourism figures rising

Torquay exogenous factors - flow of capital

Council gave £32 million for development of streets around the harbour

Torquay exogenous factors - flow of resources

Construction resources for house building | Local clay pits are mined for building materials and exported

Torquay exogenous factors - flow of ideas

Regeneration of the town centre included “Torbay Connected” to involve artists Foreign students move in, bringing their cultures

Social inequalities in Torquay - Tormohun ward

Average house £133,000 Only 30% owner occupied 23% receive out of work benefits In top 10% most deprived

Social inequalities in Torquay - Cockington and Cheston ward

``` Average house £345,000 75% owner occupied By the sea with views Mainly families In lowest 10% of deprivation ```

External agents of change in Torquay - government policies

Torbay Together Partnership to regenerate town, improve education and businesses Investments to build new South Devon Highway

External agents of change in Torquay - MNCs

Graphic Controls - manufacturing company based main European HQ Fragrance Group - property group invested £30m into construction of main hotels and the lighthouse

External agents of change in Torquay - international institutes

EU is supporting economic growth | NGOs like Torbay Reef Restoration Project is restoring marine biodiversity

Lived experiences in Torquay - mumsnet insider view

Some lovely areas some rough bits Bit run down in centre Exeter is nicer

Lived experiences in Torquay - trip advisor outsider views

Sprawling seaside metropolis

Lived experiences in Torquay - blog

Love it for a million different reasons, although friends might not agree

Lived experiences in Torquay - Torbados song

Place to get “knocked up and locked up” | Hen parties - “drinks they get thrown up”

Lived experiences in Torquay - Agatha Christie

Used loved locations in her books | Loved little cones around the coastline

Torquay place meaning

Port - original fishing industry | Tourist posters - advertised as the English Riviera, used palm trees

Torquay re-imaging

Agatha Christie - cultural side: festival, mile Walking Trail, museum New posters - same nostalgic palm trees, brighter colours