Changing Health Behaviour

Question 1

What factors contribute to human behaviour

Answer 1

Psychological
Social
Cultural
Contextual

Question 2

What is health psychology

Answer 2

The role of psychological factors in the cause, progression and consequences of health and illness
It aims to put theory into practice
Promoting healthy behaviours and preventing illness

Question 3

What are the 3 main categories of behaviours relating to health

Answer 3

Health behaviour
Illness behaviour
Sick role behaviour

Question 4

What is a healthy behaviour with an example

Answer 4

A behaviour carried out aimed to prevent disease
Eg - eating healthy

Question 5

What is an illness behaviour with an example

Answer 5

A behaviour carried out aimed at seeking a remedy
Eg - going to the doctors

Question 6

What is a sick role behaviour with an example

Answer 6

A behaviour or activity carried out aimed at getting better
Eg - taking a prescribed medication

Question 7

What behaviours can be health damaging

Answer 7

Smoking
Alcohol
Risky sexual behaviour
Sun exposure
Driving without a seatbelt

Question 8

What behaviours can be health promoting

Answer 8

Taking exercise
Healthy eating
Attending health checks
Vaccinations

Question 9

What are modifiable risk factors

Answer 9

Diet
Smoking
Alcohol
Exercise
Sleep
Stress

Question 10

What are non-modifiable risk factors

Answer 10

Sex
Age
Genetics
Ethnicity

Question 11

What are the different types of prevention

Answer 11

Primary
Secondary
Tertiary

Question 12

What are examples of preventative services delivered by the NHS

Answer 12

Screening programmes eg- breast, cervical or prostate cancer
Child health protection
Immunisation programmes

Question 13

What is intervention on a population level

Answer 13

Health promotion
To enable people to exert control over the determinants of health thereby improving health

Question 14

What is intervention on an individual level

Answer 14

Patient centred approach
Care responsive to individual needs

Question 15

Are intervention on a public level and individual level different to each other

Answer 15

No the effects of intervention aren’t restricted they almost always trickle down into each other
Eg-
Individual behaviour - level of alcohol consumption
Local community - local alcohol sales
Population level - national alcohol sales

Question 16

What is unrealistic optimism

Answer 16

Individuals continue to practice health damaging behaviour due to inaccurate perceptions of risk and susceptibility

Question 17

What can perceptions of risk be influenced by

Answer 17

Lack of personal experience
Belief that preventable by personal action
Belief that if it hasn’t happened now it will never happen
Belief that the problem is infrequent

Question 18

Who was the health belief model by

Answer 18

Becker in 1974

Question 19

What is proposed by the health belief model

Answer 19

Individuals will change if
They are susceptible to the condition in question
That it has serious consequences
That taking actions will reduce the susceptibility
Benefits out weigh the costs

Question 20

What does the health belief model predict about individuals attending screening

Answer 20

They perceive themselves at high risk or susceptible to the condition been screened for and that the condition is a serious threat to their health and life and that the benefits of the screening are high

Question 21

Who proposed the theory of landed behaviour

Answer 21

Ajzen in 1988

Question 22

What does the theory of planned behaviour say

Answer 22

That the best predictor of behaviour is intention

Question 23

What is intention determined by

Answer 23

A persons attitude to the behaviour
The perceived social pressure to undertake the behaviour or subjective norm
Perceived behavioural control

Question 24

What is the stages of models behaviour also known as

Answer 24

Trans theoretical model

Question 25

What are the stages proposed by the trans theoretical Model

Answer 25

Precontemplation
Contemplation
Preparation
Action
Maintenance