Changing Economic World Flashcards
Define birth rate.
The number of births in a year per 1000 of the population.
Define death rate.
Number of deaths in a year per 1000 of the population.
What is the demographic transition model?
A model showing how populations change over time in terms of their birth rates, death rates and total population size.
Define development.
The progress of a country in terms of economic growth, technology and welfare.
What is the GNI?
Gross National Income.
What is the Gross National Income?
Gross National Income divided by the size of the population.
What is the HDI?
the Human Development Index.
Define infant mortality.
Average number of deaths of infants under 1 year of age per 1000 live births per year.
Define Life Expectancy.
Average number of years a person might be expected to live.
What are the 5 stages on the Demographic Transition Model?
1) High Stationary
2) Early Expanding
3) Late Expanding
4) Low Stationary
5) Declining
What are limitations of measuring development by the country’s birth rate?
Governments child policies (like China’s 1 child policy)
What are the limitations of measuring a country’s development by Low income countries?
No higher death rate as they have a younger population.
What are the limitations of measuring a country’s development by the Infant Mortality Rate?
This indicator has a close link to wealth (decreasing in HIC’s, increasing in LIC’s) and services, which means that the data could be inaccurate.
What are the limitations of measuring a country’s development by Life Expectancy?
Although it rises in HIC’s it could decrease due to Obesity.
What are the limitations of measuring a country’s development by the Gross National Income?
It hides variations and has no measure of what $1 will buy.
Name a physical cause of uneven development.
Climate
Poor farming land
Extreme weather
Few raw materials
Lack of safe water
Natural hazards
Name an economical cause of uneven development.
Poor trade links
Debt
Lack of education
Primary economy
Corrupt government
Poor health and water quality
Name a strategy for reducing the development gap.
Investment
Industrial development and tourism
Aid
Intermediate technology
Fair trade
Debt relief
Micro finance loans
How much of the UK GDP is spent on aid? (In %)
0.7%
Define the development gap.
Differences in standards of living and wellbeing between HIC’s and LIC’s.
Define fair trade.
When producers in LIC’s are given a better price for the goods they produce.
Define intermediate technology.
Simple, easily learned and maintained technology used in a range of economic activities serving local needs in LIC’s.
Define micro finance loans.
Very small loans given to people in LIC’s to help start a small business.
Define industrial structure.
Relative proportion of the workforce in different sectors of the economy.
Define international aid.
Money, goods and services given by the government of one country or a multilateral institution to help the quality of life and economy of another country.
Name 2 examples of TNC’s.
Unilever
Shell Oil
Name an environmental impact on the economical development in a place.
Oil pollution
Air pollution
Water pollution
Loss of habitats
Destruction of forests
Chemical waste
Desertification
Traffic congestions
Squatter settlements
Waste disposal
Where is Nigeria located?
West Africa, North of equator
