Change in the modern world SA

Question 1

Political issues in SA

Answer 1

NP enforced apartheid laws that allowed racial segregationa nd white supremacy

Question 2

Economic issues

Answer 2

SA economy heavily reliant on mining, agriculture and cheap black labour
Black SA were confined to Low paying menial jobs while whites controlled most wealth and resources

Question 3

social issues

Answer 3

society was segregated by race
confined black south Africans to specific areas enforcing separation in all aspects of life

Question 4

demographic issues

Answer 4

Blacks were forced to lie in overcrowded and undeveloped areas
urban areas were for whites

Question 5

apartheid ideology

Answer 5

was rooted in the belief of white superiority and the need to maintain white dominance

Question 6

apartheid policy

Answer 6

confided racial segregation including population registration act

Question 7

apartheid practice

Answer 7

apartheid led to widespread discrimination, repression and economic explotionation of non whites
blacks were denied basic rights, subjected to forced removals and confined to impoversished homelands or townships

Question 8

impact of apartheid on rural communities

Answer 8

blacks were forced into bantustans were economically non viable and lacked infrastructure

Question 9

impact of apartheid in urban communities

Answer 9

urban areas were heavily segregated with blacks confined to overcroweded townships with poor living conditions

Question 10

ANC

Answer 10

founded in 1912, ANC initially pushed non violent protest and legal challenges to apartheid

Question 11

PAC

Answer 11

Formed in 1959 as a breakaway from the ANC
the PAC emphasizes African nationalism and rejected the multiracial approach of the ANC

Question 12

impact of ANC and PAC

Answer 12

both organisms played crucial roles in mobilising mass resistance to apartheid

Question 13

sharpeville massacre

Answer 13

March 21 1960 police opened fire killing 69 people and wounding others
this drew international condemnation
it marked a turning point in the anti apartheid struggle leading to the ban of PAC and ANC

Question 14

Mandela as Umkhonto we size (MK)

Answer 14

response to increasing repression mandela co founded Umkhonto we size as the armed wing of the ANC
Mandela led MKs campaign of sabotage against government installations, aiming to avoid civillian casualties

Question 15

rivonia trial

Answer 15

Mandela and other ANC leaders were arrested for sabotage
became a symbol of the anti apartheid struggle

Question 16

role of Mandela in ANC

Answer 16

Mandela’s leadership was characterized by his commitment to non racialism and the peaceful resolution of conflict

Question 17

Stephen Biko and black consciousness movement

Answer 17

biko was a key figure in the black consciousness movement which emerged in the lage 1960s
the movement encourage pride in black identity and rejected white liberalism

Question 18

role of SA fores
police and military

Answer 18

used brutal methods like shooting beatings and mass detentions
drew international attention
friendly fire

Question 19

role of bantustans

Answer 19

the bantustans were an attempt to legitimize apartheid by provide a facade of independence for Blacks. they were widely rejected and became a symbol of racial oppression

Question 20

relations with neighbouring African countries

Answer 20

led to strained relations with neighbouring countries with many supported anti apartheid movements

Question 21

the end of apartheid
POLITICAL

Answer 21

faced growing internal resistance, internation pressure and loss of legitimacy

Question 22

end of apartheid
ECONOMIC

Answer 22

economic sanctions, boycotts and disinvestment campaigns coupled with internal economic crisies weakened SA economy

Question 23

end of apartheid
SOCIAL

Answer 23

growing opps from Blacks coupled with increasing dissent and the rise of global anti apartheid movements created an unsustainable situation for the apartheid regime