Change

Question 1

Change

Answer 1

Pressures

Perspectives

JOHNSON

LEWIN

TYLER

Resistance

HREBINIAK

DEAL & KENNEDY

Question 2

Pressures

Answer 2

Internal/external

• realignment
• new resources/capabilities

Change content and process influenced by contexts (external and internal)

Question 3

Perspectives

Answer 3

Planned

• dictated

Incremental

• negotiated

Punctuated equilibrium

• sporadic but intense

BALOGUN & HOPE HAILEY

• nature vs scope
• evolution, adaptation, revolution, reconstruction

Question 4

JOHNSON

Answer 4

Strategic drift

• errors arising from the failure to implement the most appropriate strategy

Cultural web paradigm

• hard (power structures, org structures, control systems)
• soft (rituals & routines, stories & myths, sympols)

see also HICKSON’s enablers (acceptability, receptivity, structrual facilitation, priority)

Question 5

TYLER

Answer 5

People

• strategists/initiators
• implementers
• recepients

Question 6

Resistance

Answer 6

WHIPP

• internal
  
  • individual level
  • organisational level
• external
  
  • PESTLE

Roberts, UU, convert the passive

Question 7

HREBINIAK

Answer 7

Implementation model

Corporate strategy

• corporate structure/integration
  
  • business structure/integration
• business (competitive) strategy and short-term operating objectives
  
  • incentives and controls

Question 8

DEAL & KENNEDY

Answer 8

Corporate culture types

• tough guy macho
• work/play hard
• bet your company
• process

Change principles

• concensus
• two-way trust
• skill building
• patience flexibility