Change Flashcards
Kurt Lewin- Forces for change
Unfreezing: Finding ways of making the need for change so clear that most people will understand and support it. Can be achieved by creating a culture of continuous change
Changing behaviour: Bring to bear new attitudes, values, and behaviour that become the dominant culture within an organisation
Refreezing: Introduce supporting mechanisms that consolidate and maintain the new behaviour patterns.
Scale of change
Paradigm shift
A radical rethinking of the nature of the business and the nature of the organisation. Usually occurs when the organisation finds it difficult to compete effectively within the industry sector.
Scale of change
Business process re-engineering (BPR):
Radical reorganisation of internal business processes.
Scale of change
Business process improvement (BPI)
Incremental (step by step) change to processes using information technology.
Scale of change
Automation
Automation on processes
Influences on responses to change
Personality: Some people are sensitive to any form of change and will react accordingly, either negative or positive reaction.
Values and beliefs: Individuals, organisations, and groups build up their own value systems, code of conduct, or behaviour. Change that runs counter to these is likely to be met with strong resistance.
Past experience: Individuals often evaluate changes that affect them by looking for similar occurrences in the past and reacting in similar ways
Active resistance
go-slows, strikes, sabotage, sit-ins etc.
Passive resistance
People will not learn about new ideas or avoid being faced with something different.
Tactics for overcoming resistance
Education and communication
Participation
Facilitation and support
Negotiation
Manipulation and co-optation
Coercion
