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Champagne Flashcards

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1
Q

Who produces Dom Perignon?

A

Moet et Chandon

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1
Q

When is Transvasage used?

A

For bottling Champagne in bottles under 375ml and over 3L.

Transfer method

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2
Q

What is a muselet?

A

Wire Cage

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2
Q

What does RM stand for?

A

Recoltant Manipulant-

A grower-producer who makes Champagne from estate-grown fruit. 95% of the grapes must originate in the producer’s own vineyards.

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3
Q

List the Champagne bottle sizes and their corresponding names.

A

Quarter bottle (Piccolo) - 187ml

Half bottle (Demi) - 375ml

Bottle - 750ml

Magnum - 1.5L (2 bottles)

Jerobaum - 3L (4 bottles)

Rehobaum - 4.5L (discontinued 1989)

Methuselah - 6L (8 bottles)

Salamanzar - 9L (12 bottles)

Balthazar - 12L (16 bottles)

Nebuchadnezzar - 15L (20 bottles)

Solomon - 18L (24 bottles)

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4
Q

liqueur de tirage?

A

a mixture of still wine, yeasts, sugar, and fining agents that will serve to ignite the second fermentation

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4
Q

Autolysis?

A

the breakdown of dead yeast cells, forms sediment, or lees, in the bottle as second fermentation occurs

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5
Q

Which of the following producers does not release a Special Club bottling?

Charles Heidsieck

Paul Bara

Gaston Chiquet

Marc Hébrart

Pierre Gimmonet

A

Charles Heidsieck

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5
Q

What is a bouvreux?

A

A second crop, generally left on the vine at harvest

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5
Q

What is an autoclave?

A

Pressurized tank used in the production of Sparkling wine in the Charmat method.

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6
Q

Prior to remuage, Champagne bottles are kept in a horizontal, or sur_____________ position.

A

latte

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7
Q

Sur pointe?

A

Bottle of Champagne facing upside down

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7
Q

What does NM stand for?

A

Negociant Manipulant-

A house that purchases grapes and or base wines from growers and other smaller houses. Some NM houses own a significant portion of their own vineyards; others own none at all. Large Champagne houses with the most international presence are invariably in this category: Moët et Chandon, Louis Roederer, Veuve Clicquot Ponsardin, Billecart-Salmon, Lanson, Taittinger, Pol Roger, Perrier-Jouët, Mumm, and Laurent-Perrier. Quality varies widely, although prices are uniformly high. Many houses often fall under the same corporate parentage; for example, Moët et Chandon, Krug, Veuve Clicquot Ponsardin, and Mercier fall under the umbrella of the luxury conglomerate LVMH.

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8
Q

Which sparkling wine method involves a single fermentation that begins in tank but concludes in the bottle?

A

Method Ancestrale

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9
Q

Who produces Cuvee Louise?

A

Pommery

Brut 60% Chardonnay 40% Pinot Noir

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10
Q

How long must a NV wine age on the lees in bottle before degorgement?

A

12 months minimum

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11
Q

Belemnite and _____________, named for fossilized sea urchins, are the two main types of chalk soils in Champagne.

A

micraster

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12
Q

What are the 2 AOPs within Champagne that produce still wine?

A

Coteaux Champenois

Rose de Riceys- 100% Pinot Noir made in a rose style coming from the Riceys village within Aube

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13
Q

Who makes Nec Plus Ultra?

A

Bruno Paillard

(Chardonnay and Pinot Noir 1990)

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14
Q

For which bottle size is the Transvasage Method permitted in Champagne?

A

187ml

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14
Q

What does RC stand for?

A

Recoltant Cooperateur-

A grower whose grapes are vinified at a co-operative, but sells the wine under his own label.

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16
Q

In the past, Champagne producers performed a process called ___________ during lees aging, in which the bottles would be briskly shaken to prevent sediment from sticking to the glass.

A

Pointage or Poignetage

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18
Q

Who makes Blanc de Millenaires?

A

Charles Heidsieck- Reims

100% Chardonnay 1983

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19
Q

What is a matriculation number?

A

a code assigned to each producer by the CIVC

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20
Q

What is the dosage?

A

An addition of sugar and wine that determines the wine’s final sweetness

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21
Q

What percent of a year’s total harvest may be sold as vintage Champagne.

A

80%

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21
Q

Name 3 AOPs produce sparkling wine in the Methode Ancestrale (rurale)?

A

Bugey- Cerdon

Clairette de Die Methode Ancestrale

Gaillac Mousseux Gaillacoise

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22
Q

Debourbage?

A

Settling of the must

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24
Q

What grape accounts for the largest acreage in Champagne?

A

Pinot Noir

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26
Q

What is the most southerly region in Champagne?

A

The Aube

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27
Q

By what method are Bugey Cerdon AOP wines produced?

A

Méthode Ancestrale

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28
Q

How long does nonvintage style Champagne have to stay in bottle before release?

A

15 months including the lees aging.

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29
Q

What is vin de cuvée?

A

The first 2,050 liters to be extracted from 4,000 kg of grapes

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29
Q

Which training method is not permitted in Champagne?

A

Gobelet

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30
Q

What are the Grand Crus of the Cote des Blancs?

A

-6-

Chouilly (added in 1985)

Oiry (added in 1985)

Cramant

Avize

Oger (added in 1985)

Le Mesnil-sur-Oger (added in 1985)

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31
Q

What are the Grand Crus of Montagne de Reims?

A

-9-
Sillery

Puisieulx

Beaumont-sur-Vesle

Verzenay

Mailly

Verzy (added in 1985)

Louvois

Bouzy

Ambonnay

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32
Q

What are the Grand Crus of the Valley du Marnes?

A

-2-

Ay

Tours sur Marne

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34
Q

Who are the CIVC?

A

Comité Interprofessional du Vin de Champagne

a powerful force in the complex mediation between the large Champagne houses and the numerous smaller growers from whom they source grapes.

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35
Q

Explain the Continuous method for sparkling wine production.

A

Developed in the USSR, this method is similar to the tank method, but the base wine is pumped through a series of interconnected (continuous) tanks while undergoing the second fermentation. Liqueur de tirage is constantly added to the wine, and lees accumulate in the first several tanks, offering a higher degree of autolyzed flavors than the standard tank method. The majority of German Sekt is produced by either the tank method or the continuous method.

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36
Q

Define Methode Ancestrale (rurale)?

A

A single fermentation begins in tank, but the wine is transferred to bottles before the process is complete—liqueur de tirage is unnecessary.

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37
Q

List the prestige cuvee for the following Champagne houses:

Moet et Chandon

Taittinger

Laurent Perrier

Louis Roederer

Perrier Jouet

Paul Roger

Ruinart

Veuve Cliquot-Ponsardin

A

Moet et Chandon- Epernay

Dom Perignon- Chard & Pinot Noir 1921

Taittinger- Reims

Comtes de Champagne BdB & Rose- 70% Pinot 30% Chardonnay 1952

Laurent Perrier- Tours-sur-Marne

Grand Siecle- typically NV 50/50 Chardonnay & Pinot Noir 1960

Louis Roederer- Reims

Cristal Brut & Brut Rose (Brut 55% Pinot 45% Chard) Produced 1876, not commerical until 1945 for Brut and 1974 for Rose

Perrier Jouet- Epernay

Belle Epoque (Fleur de Champagne)- Brut( 50% Chardonnay 45% Pinot Noir, 5% Pinot Meunier), Brut Rose, Blanc de Blanc styles made 1964

2002 was last vintage for Fleur de Champagne label

Paul Roger- Epernay

Cuvee Sir Winston Churchill- Pinot Noir and Chardonnay 1975

Ruinart- Reims

Dom Riunart- Blanc de Blanc (1959) and Rose (85% Chardonnay 15% Pinot Noir- 1966)

Veuve Cliquot-Ponsardin-

La Grand Dame

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39
Q

What has largely been replaced by the mechanized gyropalettes for use in the process of remuage?

A

Pupitres

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40
Q

Within the Echelle de Crus ranking how many grand cru and premier cru villages are there?

A

17 Grand Cru

42 Premier Cr

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41
Q

_______________ is the release of older vintages of base wine for use in assemblage.

A

Deblocage

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42
Q

What is the current legal residual sugar range for Extra Dry Champagne?

A

12-17 g/l

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43
Q

Where is the village of Ambonnay?

A

Montagne de Reims

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44
Q

What is dégorgement à la volée?

A

The release of sediment by removing the cap without freezing it. No longer used as you would also lose good juice in the process.

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45
Q

What is the modern method of degorgement?

A

a la glace- involves dipping the neck of the bottle in a freezing brine solution

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46
Q

What is dégorgement?

A

Expelling the sediment from the bottle after remuage

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47
Q

Who produces Rare?

A

Piper Heidsieck

Chardonnay and Pinot Noir 1976

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49
Q

What does “RM” indicate on a Champagne bottle?

A

The wine was produced by a grower-producer

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50
Q

Who makes Cuvee R Lalou?

A

G.H. Mumm- Reims

Chardonnay and Pinot Noir

Started in 1966 disc. 1985 revived 1998

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52
Q

Which villages were elevated to grand cru status in 1985?

A

-5-

Verzy

Chouilly

Oiry

Oger

Les Mesnil sur Oger

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53
Q

What is an ND?

A

Negociant Distributeur-

A middleman company that distributes Champagne it did not make

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54
Q

How are the vineyards of Montagne de Reims split as far as son exposure is concerned?

A

50/50

North and South facing slopes

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55
Q

When was the CIVC formally established?

A

1941

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56
Q

Name 4 grapes that are allowed in Champagne production but are not Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, or Pinor Meunier.

A

Pinot Gris

Arbane

Petit Meslier

Pinot Blanc Vrai

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57
Q

What does MA stand for?

A

Marque d’Acheteur-

“buyer’s own brand”, often a large supermarket chain or restaurant, that purchases Champagne and sells it under its own label.

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58
Q

What does SR stand for?

A

Societe de Recoltants-

A firm, not a co-operative, set up by a union of often related growers, who share resources to make their wines and collectively market several brands.

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60
Q

Champagne vineyards are best characterized by what type of soil?

A

Chalk

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61
Q

What are the sweetness levels for Champagne?

A

Extra Brut 0-6 g/l

Brut 0-12 g/l

Extra Dry 12-17 g/l

Sec 17-32 g/l

Demi-Sec 32-50 g/l

Doux 50+ g/l

From 2010 moving forward, producers are allowed a margin of +/- 3 grams per liter

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62
Q

What does CM stand for?

A

Cooperative Manipulant-

A growers’ co-operative that produces the wine under a single brand.

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63
Q

Rosé de Riceys AOP wines are produced in which region?

A

Cotes des Bars

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64
Q

Define the following terms:

Remuage

Pupitre

Remuer

Gyropalette

A

Remuage- Riddling

Pupitre- A Frame wood stand that holds 60 bottles of Champagne

Remuer- Riddler

Gyropalette- Spanish invention that can hold and riddle up to 504 bottles. Has replaced riddling in all major Champagne houses

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65
Q

What is dosage, or liqueur d’expédition?

A

a liquid mixture of sugar syrup and wine

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66
Q

Give the tete de cuvee of Ayala, and it’s approximate blend.

A

Perle d’Ayala is a blend of 80% Chardonnay and 20% Pinot Noir.

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67
Q

Give a tete de cuvee of Billecart Salmon, its blend, and its first vintage.

A

Grand Cuvee started in 1982, and is a 60% Pinot Noir, 40% Chardonnay blend.

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68
Q

What is the rose tete de cuvee of Billecart Salmon?

A

Cuvee Elisabeth Salmon, first vintage was 1988.

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69
Q

List three tete de cuvees of Bollinger.

A

Grand Annee, RD, and Vieilles Vignes Francaises.

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70
Q

What is the encepagemnet of Vieilles Vignes Francaises?

A

100% Pinot Noir

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71
Q

What was the first vintage for Vieilles Vignes Francaises?

A

1969

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72
Q

What is the tete de cuvee of Boizel?

A

Joyau de France, a Pinot Noir and Chardonnay blend begun in 1961.

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73
Q

Which house has the tete de cuvee Joyau de France?

A

Boizel of Epernay.

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74
Q

What is the tete du cuvee of Canard Duchene?

A

Charles VII, a NV in brut, blanc de blancs, brut rose, and blanc de noirs.

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75
Q

Charles VII is a tete de cuvee of which house?

A

Canard Duchene of Ludes.

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76
Q

What is the tete de cuvee of Comtes Audoin de Dampierre?

A

Prestige, it is 100% Chardonnay.

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77
Q

Who produces the tete de cuvee Prestige, and what is the blend?

A

It is by Comtes Audoin de Dampierre of Chenay, and it is 100% Chardonnay

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78
Q

What is the tete de cuvee of de Castellane?

A

Cuvee Commodore- DC’d

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79
Q

What is the tete de cuvee of de Meric?

A

Catherine de Medicis

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80
Q

Who produces the tete de cuvee Catherine de Medicis?

A

de Meric of Ay.

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81
Q

What is the original tete de cuvee of de Venoge?

A

Grand Vin de Princes, which was discontinued in 1994, and revived for the 2000 vintage.

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82
Q

What cuvee replaced Grand Vin des Princes?

A

Louis XV, produced in Brut and Extra Brut Rose.

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83
Q

Who produces Grand Vin des Princes?

A

de Venoge of Epernay.

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84
Q

Who produces Louis XV?

A

de Venoge of Epernay.

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85
Q

What is the tete de cuvee of Delamotte?

A

Nicolas Louis Delamotte (DC’d)- located in Mesnil-sur-Oger

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86
Q

What is the tete de cuvee of Deutz?

A

Cuvee William for Brut and Rose, and Amour de Deutz for Blanc de Blancs.

87
Q

What is the blend of Amour de Deutz?

A

100% Chardonnay.

88
Q

Who produces the tete de cuvee Amour de Deutz?

A

Deutz of Ay.

89
Q

What is the tete de cuvee of Diebolt Vallois?

A

Fleur de Passion

90
Q

What is the blend of Fleur de Passion?

A

100% Chardonnay

91
Q

Who produces Fleur de Passion?

A

Diebolt Vallois of Cramant

92
Q

What was the first vintage of Fleur de Passion?

A

1995

93
Q

What is the tete de cuvee of Drappier?

A

Charles de Gaulle.

94
Q

Who produces Charles de Gaulle?

A

Drappier of Urville in the Aube.

95
Q

What is the tete de cuvee of Duval Leroy?

A

Femme de Champagne.

96
Q

Who produces Femme de Champagne?

A

Duval Leroy of Vertus.

97
Q

What is the tete de cuvee of Gosset?

A

Celebris, in Brut, Brut Rose, and Blanc de Blancs.

98
Q

Who produces Celebris?

A

Gosset of Ay.

99
Q

What is the tete de cuvee of Alfred Gratien?

A

Cuvee Paradis in Brut and Brut Rose.

100
Q

Who produces Cuvee Paradis?

A

Alfred Gratien of Epernay.

101
Q

What is the tete de cuvee of Charles Heidsieck?

A

Champagne Charlie, discontinued after the 1985. Now it is Blanc des Millenaires.

102
Q

What was the first vintage of Blanc des Millenaires?

A

1983

103
Q

Who makes Blancs des Millenaires and Champagne Charlie?

A

Charles Heidsieck of Reims.

104
Q

What is the tete de cuvee of Henriot?

A

Cuvee des Enchanteleurs

105
Q

Who produces cuvee des Enchanteleurs?

A

Henriot of Reims.

106
Q

What is the tete de cuvee of Jacquart?

A

Cuvee Alpha NV;

Originally Brut de Nomine NV but it has been DC’d

107
Q

What is the tete de cuvee of Jacquesson?

A

Grand Vin Signature, discontinued after the 2002 vintage.

108
Q

Who produced Grand Vin Signature?

A

Jacquesson of Dizy.

109
Q

What is the tete de cuvee of Lanson?

A

Noble, produced as a brut, brut rose and blanc de blancs.

110
Q

What was the first vintage of Noble?

A

1979

111
Q

What are the styles of Noble produced?

A

Brut, Blanc de Blancs and NV Rose.

112
Q

Who produces the tete de cuvee Noble?

A

Lanson of Reims.

113
Q

Who produces the tete de cuvee Extra Age NV?

A

Lanson of Reims.

114
Q

When was the first release of Grand Siecle?

A

in 1960 as a non vintage blend.

115
Q

Has vintage Grand Siecle been produced?

A

Yes, for the US market, for example the 1990. And Grand Siecle Cuvee Alexandra Rose is usually vintage dated.

116
Q

Who produces Grand Siecle?

A

Laurent Perrier of Tours sur Marne.

117
Q

What are the tete de cuvees of Lenoble?

A

Cuvee les Aventures and Cuvee Gentilhomme.

118
Q

What is the blend for Cuvee les Aventures and Cuvee Gentilhomme?

A

both are 100% Chardonnay

119
Q

Who produces the tete de cuvees Cuvee les Aventures and Cuvee Gentilhomme?

A

Lenoble of Chouilly.

120
Q

Where is Moet and Chandon?

A

Epernay.

121
Q

What is the tete de cuvee of Mumm?

A

Cuvee R Lalou.

122
Q

When was the first vintage of R. Lalou?

A

in 1966, it was discontinued in 1985, and revived in 1998.

123
Q

Who produces Cuvee R Lalou?

A

Mumm of Reims.

124
Q

What is the tete de cuvee of Bruno Paillard?

A

Nec Plus Ultra

125
Q

Who produces Nec Plus Ultra?

A

Bruno Paillard of Reims.

126
Q

What is the tete de cuvee of Joseph Perrier?

A

Cuvee Josephine.

127
Q

What is the blend of Cuvee Josephine?

A

mostly Chardonnay

128
Q

Who makes Cuvee Josephine?

A

Joseph Perrier of Chalons sur Marne

129
Q

What is the tete de cuvee of Perrier Jouet?

A

Belle Epoque, called Fleur de Champagne in the US.

Last vintage for Fleur de Champagne label was 2002

130
Q

What are the styles produced of Fleur de Champagne?

A

Brut, Blanc de Blancs, and Brut Rose.

131
Q

What was the first vintage of Belle Epoque?

A

1964

132
Q

Who produces Belle Epoque?

A

Perrier Jouet of Epernay

133
Q

What is the tete de cuvee of Piper Heidsieck?

A

Rare

134
Q

What is the blend of Rare?

A

Pinot Noir and Chardonnay

135
Q

What was the first vintage of Rare?

A

1976

136
Q

Who produces Rare?

A

Piper Heidsieck of Reims

137
Q

What is the tete de cuvee of Ployez Jacquemart?

A

Liesse d’Harbonville

138
Q

Who produces Liesse d’Harbonville?

A

Ployez Jacquemart of Ludes

139
Q

What was the first vintage for Cuvee Sir Winston Churchill?

A

1975, bottled in magnums exclusively.

140
Q

Where is Pol Roger?

A

Epernay

141
Q

What is the tete de cuvee of Pommery?

A

Cuvee Louise

142
Q

What are the styles produced of cuvee Louise?

A

Brut and Brut Rose.

143
Q

Who produces Cuvee Louise?

A

Pommery of Reims

144
Q

What was the first vintage produced of Cristal?

A

1876

145
Q

What was the first commercial vintage of Cristal?

A

1945

146
Q

What was the first vintage of Cristal Rose?

A

1974

147
Q

Where is Louis Roederer?

A

Reims

148
Q

What are the styles produced of Dom Ruinart?

A

Blanc de Blancs and Brut Rose.

149
Q

What was the first vintage of Dom Ruinart?

A

1959

150
Q

What was the first vintage of Dom Ruinart Rose?

A

1966

151
Q

Where is Ruinart?

A

Reims

152
Q

What was the first vintage for Comtes de Champagne?

A

1952

153
Q

What was the first vintage for Grande Dame Brut?

A

1969

154
Q

What was the first vintage for Grande Dame Brut Rose?

A

1988

155
Q

Where is Veuve Clicquot?

A

Reims

156
Q

What are the tete de cuvees of Henri Billiot?

A

Cuvee Laetitia and Cuvee Julie

157
Q

What is the tete de cuvee of Bonnaire?

A

Cuvee Prestige

158
Q

What is the style of Bonnaire’s Cuvee Prestige?

A

Blanc de Blancs

159
Q

Who makes the tete de cuvee Cuvee Prestige?

A

Bonnaire of Cramant

160
Q

Where is Chartogne Taillet?

A

Merfy, Montagne de Reims

161
Q

What is the tete de cuvee of Hubert Dauvergne?

A

Fine Fleur de Bouzy

162
Q

What is the blend of Fine Fleur de Bouzy?

A

100% Pinot Noir

163
Q

Who produces Fine Fleur de Bouzy?

A

Hubert Dauvergne of Bouzy

164
Q

What is the tete de cuvee of Paul Dethune?

A

Brut Prestige NV

165
Q

Who produces the NV tete de cuvee Brut Prestige?

A

Paul Dethune of Ambonnay

166
Q

What is the tete de cuvee of Guy Larmandier?

A

Cramant Grand Cru Cuvee Prestige

167
Q

Where is Guy Larmandier?

A

Cramant

168
Q

Where is Jacques Selosse?

A

Avize

169
Q

What is the tete de cuvee of Nicolas Feuillatte?

A

Palmes d’Or

170
Q

What styles of Palmes d’Or are produced?

A

Brut and Brut Rose

171
Q

What was the first vintage of Palmes d’Or Brut?

A

1985

172
Q

What was the first vintage of Palmes d’Or Brut Rose?

A

1996

173
Q

Who produces Palmes d’Or?

A

Nicolas Feuillatte of Chouilly, a co-op.

174
Q

Who produces Clos St Hilaire?

A

It is a monocru bottling from Billecart Salmon

175
Q

Where is Clos St Hilaire?

A

Mareuil sur Ay, it is 100% Pinot Noir

176
Q

What was the first vintage of Clos St Hilaire?

A

1995

177
Q

What is the monocru bottling of Billecart Salmon?

A

Clos St Hilaire

178
Q

What is the monocru bottling of Cattier?

A

Clos du Moulin

179
Q

Where is Clos du Moulin?

A

Ludes, Montagne de Reims.

180
Q

Who produces the monocru Clos du Moulin?

A

Cattier of Chigny les Roses

181
Q

What was the initial monocru bottling of Chartogne Taillet?

A

Les Barres, old vine Meunier, starting in 2006

182
Q

What is the monocru bottling of Drappier?

A

Grande Sendree

183
Q

Where is the vineyard Grand Sendree?

A

In Urville in the Aube

184
Q

Who produces Grande Sendree?

A

Drappier of Urville in the Aube

185
Q

What is the monocru bottling of Duval Leroy?

A

Clos des Bouveries.

186
Q

Where is Clos des Bouveries?

A

Vertus

187
Q

What is the blend for Clos des Bouveries?

A

100% Chardonnay

188
Q

Who produces the monocru bottling Clos des Bouveries?

A

Duval Leroy

189
Q

What is the monocru bottling of Egly Ouriet?

A

Les Crayeres

190
Q

What is the blend of Les Crayeres?

A

100% Pinot Noir

191
Q

Who produces a monocru bottling Les Crayeres?

A

Egly Ouriet

192
Q

Jacquesson has discontinued Signature, their previous tete de cuvee. What do they make in its place now?

A

They make four monocru, monovarietal wines. Dizy Corne Bautray, Vauzelle Terme, Terres Rouges Rose, and Champ Cain.

193
Q

What is the blend for Dizy Corne Bautray?

A

100% Chardonnay

194
Q

What is the blend for Ay Vauzelle Terme?

A

100% Pinot Noir.

195
Q

What is the blend for Dizy Terres Rouges Rose?

A

almost all Pinot Meunier.

196
Q

What is the blend for Avize Champ Cain?

A

100% Chardonnay.

197
Q

What are the two tete de cuvees of Larmandier Bernier?

A

Terre de Vertus and Vieille Vigne de Cramant.

198
Q

Who produces Vieille Vigne de Cramant?

A

Larmandier Bernier

199
Q

What is the new NV tete de cuvee introduced by Taittinger in 2006?

A

Les Follies de la Marquetterie, a NV monocru bottling with 55% Pinot Noir and 45% Chardonnay

200
Q

What are the three monocru bottlings of Tarlant?

A

La Vigne d’Or, La Vigne d’Antan, and Cuvee Louis NV.

201
Q

What is the blend of La Vigne d’Or?

A

100% Meunier

202
Q

What is the blend of la Vigne d’Antan?

A

100% Chardonnay

203
Q

Who produces Cuvee Louis NV?

A

Tarlant

204
Q

Who produces La Vigne d’Antan?

A

Tarlant

205
Q

Who produces La Vigne d’Or?

A

Tarlant

206
Q

What is the monocru of Veuve Fourny?

A

Clos Faubourg Notre Dame in Vertus

207
Q

What is the blend of Clos Faubourg Notre Dame?

A

100% Chardonnay.

208
Q

Who produces Clos Faubourg Notre Dame?

A

Veuve Fourny.

209
Q

What is the blend of Dom Perignon?

A

Roughly equal parts Pinot Noir and Chardonnay, though there have been vintages where each variety is more dominant, such as the 1985 at 60% Chardonnay and the 1980 at 60% Pinot.

210
Q

What is the blend for Cristal?

A

Usually 60% Pinot Noir, 40% Chardonnay.

211
Q

Who is the oldest Champagne house and when were they founded?

A

Gosset- 1854

Started as a still wine house

212
Q

What two villages in Champagne were ranked at 99% in the Echelle de Crus?

A

Maureuil-sur-Aye (Vallee de la Marne)

Tauxieres (Montagne de Reims)

213
Q

What is the tete de cuvee of Chartogne-Taillet?

A

Fiacre

France (9 decks)

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